摘要： 【目的】通过添加改性后的无机填料，提高涂层的耐磨性，为长效防冰提供有效的解决方案。【方法】以氟碳树脂为成膜物质，石英粉和二氧化硅结合低表面能长链有机硅作为功能填料，制备了一种具有延迟结冰效果的高耐久型疏水涂料。重点考察了涂层的疏水性、抗机械损伤性、耐人工老化性以及抗结冰性。【结果】研制的涂料水接触角达到 120°，属于非润湿性材料，拉开法附着力达到 7 MPa，砂轮磨耗 3 000 r后质量损失<0. 05 g，人工老化达 3 000 h后保光率超 80%；此外，在低温环境下具有明显的延迟结冰和降低着冰力的作用。【结论】自制的有机硅防覆冰涂料兼具防冰性和高耐磨性，有望为低温环境下风电设施、铁路交通以及电力传输等领域的结冰问题提供重要解决方案。

关键词: 低表面能, 高耐久, 疏水, 防结冰

Abstract: ［Objective］By adding modified inorganic fillers，the abrasion resistance of the coating is improved，providing effective solutions for long-lasting anti-icing.［Methods］ A highly durable hydrophobic coating with delayed icing effect was prepared，with fluorocarbon resin as the film-formingmaterial and quartz powder and silica combined with low surface energy long-chain organosilicon asthe functional fillers. The study focused on the coating′s hydrophobicity，resistance to mechanical damage，artificial weathering test and anti-icing performance.［Results］The results showed that the developed coating had water contact angle of 120°，classifying it as a non-wetting hydrophobic material. The pull-off adhesion reached 7 MPa，and after abraded 3 000 r by abrasive wheels，the mass loss was less than 0. 05 g. After 3 000 h of artificial weathering test the gloss retention exceeded 80%.Additionally，water droplets at low-temperature environments revealed a significant delay in iceformation and reducing ice adhesion on the coating.［Conclusion］Homemade organic silicon anti-icing coatings have anti-icing performance and high abrasion resistance，and are expected to provide an important solution to icing problems in wind power facilities，railway transportation，and power transmission in low-temperature environments.

Key words: low surface energy, high durability, hydrophobic, anti-icing

中图分类号: 

• TQ630. 7