摘要： 【目的】开发一款静态防污效果良好的环保型防污涂料。【方法】以低毒有机铋为催化剂，使乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）多元醇、醇羟基封端硅氧烷与异氰酸酯反应，制备主链可降解且表面能较低的树脂，并制备成防污涂料；通过红外光谱仪（FT-IR）和凝胶渗透色谱仪（GPC）分析树脂结构与相对分子质量，测试涂层附着力、水接触角、抗藻性能、磨蚀率及实海防污效果来系统评价涂料的各项性能。【结果】所得涂层附着力>1 MPa，初始水接触角达 100°~110°，兼具力学强度与疏水性；PLGA主链初期降解速率较快，3个月以后磨蚀率趋于稳定，浅海挂板 12个月后表面无明显海生物附着。【结论】制备的可降解低表面能防污涂料通过主链降解与硅氧烷动态释放的协同机制，突破了传统防污涂料静态防污长效性不足的局限，在船舶与海洋工程装备中具有一定应用前景。

关键词: 防污涂料, 可降解, 硅氧烷, 低表面能

Abstract: ［Objective］ To develop environmentally friendly antifouling coatings with excellentstatic antifouling performance.［Methods］Using low toxic organic bismuth as a catalyst to synthesize aresin with degradable a main chain and low surface energy，through a reaction between poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA）polyol，hydroxyl-terminated siloxane and isocyanate. Subsequently，antifoulingcoating were prepared. The structure and molecular weight of the resin were characterized by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）and gel permeation chromatography（GPC），while the coatingproperties such as adhesion，water contact angle，anti-algal performance，self-polishing rate and actual marine antifouling efficacy were systematically evaluated.［Results］ The adhesion of the obtained coating was more than 1 MPa，and the initial water contact angle was 100° -110°，which had both mechanical strength and hydrophobicity. Additionally，the degradation rate of PLGA main chain wasfaster at the initial stage and tended to be stabe after 10 weeks. There were no obvious marine biofoulingaccumulation on the surface after 12 months.［Conclusion］ Through the synergistic mechanism of main chain degradation and siloxane dynamic release，the degradable low-surface-energy antifouling coatings prepared in this study overcame the limitations of traditional antifouling coatings' lack of long-term static antifouling performance and had promising application potential in ships and marineengineering equipment.

Key words: antifouling coatings, degradation, siloxanes, low surface energy

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 3