摘要： 【目的】为提升低可视化涂层的耐久性，解决航空装备用低可视化涂层在复杂苛刻环境中容易沾染污染物的问题。【方法】系统研究了高耐候树脂、功能消光粉、耐沾污助剂、涂层体系颜料体积浓度（PVC）等对低可视化涂层耐沾污性的影响。【结果】为减少消光涂层耐沾污性影响因素，建议选用氟硅树脂匹配疏水型气相二氧化硅，并辅以有机硅类高聚物耐沾污助剂，同时调控体系 PVC为 51. 7%时，经 3 000 h人工气候老化后，耐沾污效率可达到 80%以上。【结论】通过优选氟硅树脂 -疏水型气相二氧化硅-有机硅高分子耐沾污助剂配套体系，并将颜料体积浓度精准控制在 51. 7%的临界区间，可实现航空低可视化涂层耐老化与耐沾污性能协同提升，为长效低可视化消光涂层的配方工程化设计提供明确可控的技术方案。

关键词: 低可视化, 耐沾污性, 颜料体积浓度, 耐候性, 疏水

Abstract: ［Objective］ To improve the durability of low-visibility coatings and address the contamination issue of low-visibility coatings for aviation equipments in complex and harsh environments.［Methods］ The effects of commonly used high weather-resistant resins，typical functional matting powders，special structured stain-resistant additives and pigment volume concentration（PVC）of coating systems on the stain resistance performance of low-visibility coatingswere systematically studied.［Results］In order to reduce the factors affecting the stain resistance of the matte coating，it is recommended to use modified fluorosilicone resin combined with hydrophobic fumed silica，supplemented with organosilicon polymer-based active stain-resistant additives. At the same time，when the PVC value of the control system is 51. 7%，after 3 000 hours of artificial weathering test， the stain resistance retention rate can reach over 80%.［Conclusion］By optimizing the formulation system consisting of fluorosilicone resin，hydrophobic fumed silica，and silicone polymer anti-contamination additives，and precisely controlling the pigment volume concentration（PVC） at the critical range of 51. 7%，the synergistic improvement of aging resistance and anti-contaminationperformance for aviation low-visibility coatings can be achieved. This provides a clear and controllabletechnical solution for the formulation engineering design of long-term low-visibility matte coatings.

Key words: low visualization, stain resistance, coating PVC, aging resistance performance, hydrophobic

中图分类号: 

• TQ635. 6