摘要： 防污涂料以其适用范围广泛、性价比高等特点是当前主流的防污方法。其中基于有机硅弹性体的污损脱附型涂层具有环境友好和性能稳定等优点，应用前景广阔，但机械性能差、静态防污性能不足限制了其应用。对此国内外科技工作者进行了大量改性研究，包括共混/接枝两亲性添加剂、防污剂、自修复技术等，提高了有机硅涂层的综合性能。文中综述了几种环境友好型防污涂料包括以抗血栓为聚合物的无毒自更新防污涂料、仿生防污涂料和有机硅弹性体污损释放型防污涂料的研究现状及其优缺点，并对已经商业化产品进行了分析，结合仿生防污技术的灵感，为海洋防污涂层环境友好化提供了一些新的视野。

关键词: 海洋污损, 环境友好型防污涂料, 污损释放型, 有机硅基涂层, 超滑涂层, 自更新表面, 仿生防污

Abstract: Antifouling coatings was the mainstream antifouling method with its wide range of applications and cost-effective. Fouling release coating based on silicone elastomer possessed the advantages of environmentally friendly and stable performance，but its application was limited by mechanical property and insufficient static antifouling performance.In this regard，many modification studies have been carried out by scientific and technological workers at home and abroad，including blending/grafting amphiphilic additives，antifouling agents，self-healing technologies，etc.，which effectively improved the comprehensive performance of silicone-based coating. This article reviewed the research status and advantages and disadvantages of several environmentally friendly antifouling coatings，including non-toxic self-renewing antifouling coatings with antithrombotic polymer，biomimetic antifouling coatings，and fouling release coatings based on silicone elastomer，and analyzed the commercialized products，combined with the inspiration of biomimetic antifouling technology，which provided some new perspectives for the environmentally friendly of marineantifouling coatings.

Key words: marine fouling, environmentally friendly antifouling coatings, fouling release, organic silicon based coating, ultra smooth coating, self-renewing surface, bioinspired antifouling coatings

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 3