摘要： 【目的】针对超疏水涂层在电力系统防冰应用中耐久性不足的问题，研制一种兼具耐磨性与防冰性能的超疏水涂层。【方法】以氟化物改性天然矿粉（主要成分为 SiO₂）作为疏水填料，与低表面能有机硅树脂复合，采用喷涂工艺在基底表面构建耐磨超疏水涂层；系统研究疏水填料含量（10%~35%）对涂层性能的影响，通过扫描电子显微镜和接触角测量仪表征涂层微观形貌与润湿性，并利用延迟结冰测试、冰黏附强度测试及砂纸磨损试验综合评价其防冰性能与耐磨性。【结果】当疏水填料含量为 30%时，涂层水接触角大于 160°，表面结冰时间延长至 1 420 s（-10 ℃）冰黏附强度降至 50 kPa以下，且经 200次砂纸磨损后水接触角仍高于 150°；在输电线缆表面应用验证中，超疏水，涂层（SSC-6）使表面水滴结冰时间从 300 s延长至 1 200 s。【结论】本研究成功研制出一种具有卓越耐磨性的超疏水防冰涂层，为输电线路的防冰设计提供了潜在的解决方案。

关键词: 超疏水, 防冰涂层, 耐久性, 输电线路

Abstract: ［Objective］To address the insufficient durability of superhydrophobic coating for anti-icing in power systems，this study developed a superhydrophobic coating combining wear resistancewith anti-icing performance.［Methods］ Using fluoride-modified natural mineral powder（main component：SiO₂）as hydrophobic filler compounded with low-surface-energy silicone resin，a wear-resistant superhydrophobic coating was constructed on substrate surfaces via spraying. The influence ofhydrophobic filler content（10% to 35%） on coating performance was systematically investigated.Coating microstructure and wettability were characterized using scanning electron microscopy andcontact angle measurements；anti-icing performance and wear resistance were evaluated via delayed icing tests，ice adhesion strength tests，and sandpaper abrasion tests.［Results］When the hydrophobic filler content was 30%，the coating exhibited a water contact angle greater than 160°，extended the surface ice formation time to 1 420 s（-10 ℃），reduced the ice adhesion strength to below 50 kPa，and maintained a contact angle above 150° even after 200 cycles of sandpaper abrasion. In the applicationvalidation on power transmission cable surfaces，the superhydrophobic coating（SSC-6）prolonged the droplet freezing time from 300 s to 1 200 s.［Conclusion］A wear-resistant superhydrophobic anti-icing coating was successfully developed，offering a potential solution for the anti-icing design of power transmission lines. 

Key words: superhydrophobic, anti-icing coating, durability, transmission lines

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 2