摘要： 防污涂层是应对海生物污损难题最为有效的技术手段。文章首先对近年来接触型、降解型、污损释放型防污涂层材料的研发及应用现状进行了梳理，重点对比自抛光型及污损释放型两类防污涂料的优缺点——前者性能优异但面临环境污染风险，后者不含有毒物质但性能有待提升。随后从前沿科学角度对防污涂层的发展方向进行简要展望；借助智能响应、仿生等技术手段赋予涂层材料自适应响应及智能可控性，有望满足未来海洋船舶及装备的高性能防护要求。

关键词: 海洋防污, 自抛光, 防污涂层, 污损释放防污涂层, 智能响应涂层

Abstract: Antifouling coating is the most effective means to deal with the problem ofmarine fouling. In this paper，the research progress and application status of contact-leaching， degradation and fouling-release antifouling coating were reviewed. The advantages anddisadvantages of self-polishing and fouling-release coatings were emphatically compared. Theformer exhibits excellent performance but faces the risk of environmental pollution，while the latter does not contain toxic substances but its performance needs to be improved. Afterwards， the development direction of antifouling coating technology was briefly prospected from theperspective of frontier science. By means of intelligent response，bionics and other techniques， the coating materials with self-adaptive response and intelligent controllability are expected tomeet the high-performance protection requirements of marine vessels and equipments.

Key words: marine antifouling, self-polishing, antifouling coating, fouling-release, smart responsive coating

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 3