摘要： 【目的 /意义】海洋防污涂料的性能评价技术是开发长效防污涂料的关键环节，对缩短研发周期、提升涂料性能具有重要意义。【分析 /评论 /进展】系统综述了该领域的研究进展，重点分析了模拟试验与实船试验两类主要评价方法，阐述了防污性能及其驱动因子、降阻性能的测试原理与局限性，并探讨了实验室生物评价、耐淡水浸泡性能、耐清洗性能以及服役寿命评估等新兴评价技术，这些方法通过优化实验条件显著提高了评价效率和准确性。最后总结了当前评价技术存在的问题，并对未来发展方向进行了展望。【结论 /展望】未来融合原位监测、多尺度评价与人工智能的智能评价体系，可为海洋防污涂料的防污性能评价与服役寿命预测提供更可靠的理论与方法支撑。

关键词: 海洋防污涂料, 性能评价, 模拟试验, 实船试验, 服役寿命评估

Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］ Performance evaluation technology plays a crucial role inthe development of marine antifouling coatings with long service life，and is essential for shortening the R&D cycle and enhancing coating performance.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］ In this article， recent advances in this field were comprehensively reviewed. Two primary evaluation methodologies： simulated testing and field shipboard trials were analyzed emphatically，with elaborating on the testing principles and limitations related to antifouling performance（including its key driving factors）and drag reduction performance. Emerging evaluation technologies such as laboratory bioassays，freshwater immersion resistance，cleaning resistance，and service life assessment were also discussed. These methods significantly enhance evaluation efficiency and accuracy through optimized experimentalconditions. Finally，current challenges in evaluation technologies were summarized，and future development directions were outlined.［Conclusion/Prospect］ The development of an intelligent evaluation system that integrates in-situ monitoring，multi-scale assessment，and artificial intelligence will offer a more reliable theoretical and methodological foundation for evaluating the antifoulingperformance and predicting the service life of marine coatings.

Key words: marine antifouling coatings, performance evaluation, simulated tests, field shipboard

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 3