摘要： 以水性聚氨酯为成膜材料，没食子酸（ GA）改性的 MXene（MX@GA）为低发射率材料，热膨胀微球（ TEMs）为发泡剂，制备了集低发射率和隔热性能于一体的红外隐身涂层，并将其用于聚氨酯合成革的制备。使用紫外 -可见分光光度计（ UV-Vis）和原子力显微镜（ AFM）等对 MX@GA的形貌和结构稳定性进行表征，同时还对涂层红外发射率、热导率、柔软度、回弹性和透水汽性进行了测试。结果表明： GA接枝到 MXene表面，提高了 MXene的结构稳定性。当 MX@GA含量为 10%时，所制备的涂层红外发射率降低至 0. 273；微球发泡赋予了涂层均匀的多孔结构，与未添加 TEMs相比，添加 3% TEMs后，涂层的热导率从 0. 183 W/（m·K）降低至 0. 042 W/（m·K），柔软度和回弹性提高 20%以上，透水汽性提高至 49. 66 g/（m²·h）；得益于低发射率和隔热的协同效应，在 60 ℃加热板上，红外热成像仪检测合成革表面温度与环境温度接近（温差仅有 10 ℃），表现出优异的红外隐身性能。

关键词: MXene, 热膨胀微球, 红外隐身, 涂层, 合成革

Abstract: Using waterborne polyurethane as film-forming material，gallic acid（GA）-modified MXene（MX@GA） as low emissivity material，and thermal expandable microspheres（TEMs）as foaming agent，the infrared stealth coating integrating low emissivity and thermal insulation was prepared and employed in the manufacture of polyurethanesynthetic leather. The morphology and structural stability of MX@GA were characterized usingultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer（UV-Vis）and atomic force microscope（AFM），etc. And the infrared emissivity，thermal conductivity，softness，resilience and water vapor permeabilityof the coating were also tested. It was found that graft of GA improved the structural stability ofMXene. When the MX@GA content was 10%，the infrared emissivity of the coating decreasedto 0. 273. Microsphere foaming endowed the coating with a uniform porous structure，when 3% TEMs was added，the thermal conductivity of the coating decreased from 0. 183 W/（m·K）to 0. 038 W/（m·K），softness and resilience were increased by more than 20%，and water vapor permeability was improved to 49. 66 g/（m²·h）. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of low emissivity and heat insulation，the surface temperature detected by infrared thermal imager ofthe synthetic leather on a 60 ℃ heating plate was close to the ambient temperature（the temperature difference was only 10 ℃），showing excellent infrared stealth performance. 

Key words: MXene；thermal expandable microspheres；infrared stealth；coating； synthetic leather 

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 7