摘要： 为改善聚磷酸铵(APP)与环氧树脂等高聚物的相容性和耐水性,采用原位聚合法在其表面包覆尿素-甲醛树脂(脲醛树脂)、三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂(蜜胺树脂)和脲醛-蜜胺双层树脂,用XRD、SEM和FT-IR等手段对包覆前后的聚磷酸铵的结构进行表征,并将其加入到环氧树脂(EP)中,用热分析(TG)、极限氧指数分析(LOI)和垂直燃烧试验(UL94)测试其阻燃性能。结果表明:聚磷酸铵表面分别包覆了3种斥水性树脂,从而改善了其与环氧树脂的相容性和耐水性;微胶囊化的聚磷酸铵使环氧树脂具有良好的热稳定性,初始分解温度从150℃提高到300℃;将15 g微胶囊化的聚磷酸铵与15 g季戊四醇混合后,加入到70 g环氧树脂中,LOI从19%上升到29%以上,UL94达到了V-1以上,显示出了优异的阻燃性能。
关键词:
微胶囊,
聚磷酸铵,
膨胀型阻燃剂,
环氧树脂
Abstract: To improve the water resistance and compatibility of APP with polymer, such epoxy resin, microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MCAPP) with urea-formaldehyde resin(UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF), and UF-MF double shell resin were prepared by in situ polymerization, respectively. The structure of the resultant MCAPP was characterized by XRD, SEM, and FTIR. It was found that the resultant MCAPP have better water resistance and compatibility with epoxy resin, compared with the ammonium polyphosphate(APP). The TG results indicated that MCAPP has excellent thermal stability, with an initial decomposition temperature 300 ℃, higher than that of APP, 150 ℃. The flame retardant property of MCAPP/pentaerythritol (PER ) and APP/PER in epoxy resin was tested using Limited Oxygen Index (LOI) and UL94. The results indicated that MCAPP/PER composites possess excellent property for fire retardation, with an oxygen index of 29% and UL94 of V-0, much higher than that of APP/PER composites 19% and no rating.
Key words:
microcapsule,
ammonium polyphosphate,
intumescent flame retardation,
epoxy resin
陈建峰, 陈 峰, 谢吉民, 朱建军, 王仲华. 微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃环氧树脂的研究[J]. 涂料工业, 2010, 40(11): 15-18.
Chen Jianfeng, Chen Feng, Xie Jimin, Zhu Jianjun, Wang Zhonghua. Preparation and Characterization of Microencapsulated Ammonium Polyphosphate and Its Flame Retardation in Epoxy Resin[J]. Paint & Coatings Industry, 2010, 40(11): 15-18.