摘要： 【目的/意义】海洋工程装备腐蚀防护对海洋强国战略至关重要，在“双碳”与 VOC减排背景下，水性环氧涂料是海洋重防腐绿色替代重要方向，但其高湿固化难、长效防腐不足制约工程应用。【分析/评论/进展】综述了海洋防腐水性环氧涂料固化与防腐两大机制，总结了树脂与固化剂改性、体系催化、功能填料增强等技术进展，梳理了物理屏蔽、离子钝化、智能缓蚀及多机制协同防腐研究现状。【结论/展望】指出高湿成膜受限、涂层致密性差、长效防护不稳等瓶颈，展望高湿条件下固化、多重协同防腐、界面结构优化、工程化应用与智能多功能涂层等发展方向，为高端海洋防腐水性环氧涂料研发提供参考。

关键词: 水性环氧涂料, 海洋防腐, 固化机制, 防腐机制, 高湿固化

Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］Corrosion protection for offshore engineering equipment iscrucial to the strategy of becoming a maritime power. Against the backdrop of VOC emission reductionand dual-carbon goals，waterborne epoxy coatings have gradually become a crucial eco-friendlyalternative in heavy-duty marine corrosion protection. However，poor film-forming performance underhigh-humidity surroundings and insufficient long-term anticorrosion capacity severely limit theirengineering applications.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］This paper systematically summarizes thelatest research advances on curing and anticorrosion mechanisms of waterborne epoxy coatings formarine applications. It summarizes technical advances in resin and curing agent modification，system catalysis，and reinforcement with functional fillers，and outlines the current state of research on physical barrier protection，ion passivation，smart corrosion inhibition，and multi-mechanism synergistic corrosion protection.［Conclusion/Prospect］This paper identifies bottlenecks such as limitations in film formation under high-humidity conditions，poor coating density，and unstable long-term protection. It also outlines future development directions，including curing under high-humidity conditions，multi-component synergistic corrosion protection，optimization of interface structures， engineering applications，and smart multifunctional coatings，thereby providing guidance for the research and development of high-end waterborne epoxy coatings for marine corrosion protection.

Key words: waterborne epoxy coatings, marine anticorrosion, curing mechanism, anticorrosion mechanism, high-humidity curing

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 81