摘要： 【目的】针对汽车涂装低温固化、水性环保及提质增效三位一体的需求。【方法】以偏二氯乙烯-丙烯酸酯-硅氧烷共聚物和水性聚氨酯分散体为成膜基料，复配高白度的无机导电矿物（凹凸棒石和云母）构建高效导电网络，研制出一种可在 80 ℃条件下固化的水性导电底漆。系统研究了水性导电底漆的树脂、导电颜（填）料的配比对涂层性能影响，并与市售溶剂型导电底漆的性能进行了对比，进一步分析了导电底漆与不同基材的适应性及与水性低温一体化面漆的配套性。【结果】水性导电底漆表面电阻率≤10⁶ Ω/□，满足静电喷涂要求；涂层性能优异，划格试验 1级，耐冲击性 50 cm，抗石击性 2级，耐湿性 240 h，较传统工艺节能 30%以上，直接减排 103. 8 kgCO₂/台，适用于汽车塑料件等多种轻量化基材的静电涂装，工程应用前景广阔。【结论】所开发的水性导电底漆与水性低温一体化面漆配套性良好，涂层性能满足汽车行业标准要求，为实现汽车车身与非金属件的共线涂装提供了前提条件。

关键词: 低温固化, 水性涂料, 导电底漆, 静电喷涂, 汽车轻量化, 配套性能

Abstract: ［Objective］ Addressing the three-in-one needs of low-temperature curing， waterborne environmental protection，and quality and efficiency improvement in automotive coating.［Methods］ This paper develops a waterborne conductive primer that can cure at 80 ℃，usingvinylidene chloride-acrylate-siloxane copolymer and waterborne polyurethane dispersion as film-forming base，combined with high-whiteness inorganic conductive minerals（attapulgite and mica）to construct an efficient conductive network. This study systematically investigates the effect of the ratio ofresin to conductive pigments（fillers）in the waterborne conductive primer on coating performance， compares its performance with that of the commercially available solvent-based conductive primers， and analyzes its adaptability to different substrates and compatibility with topcoats.［Results］ The results show that the primer has a surface resistance ≤10⁶ Ω/□，meeting electrostatic sprayingrequirements；the coating exhibits excellent performance，with a crosscut adhesion of grade 1，impact resistance of 50 cm，stone chip resistance of grade 2，and humidity resistance of 240 h，saving more than 30% energy compared to the traditional processes，directly reducing CO₂ emissions by 103. 8 kgper vehicle. It is suitable for electrostatic coating of various lightweight materials such as automotiveplastic parts，and has broad prospects for engineering application.［Conclusion］The developed water-based conductive primer is suitable for various automotive parts，after studying the compatibility with low-temperature waterborne integrated topcoats， the overall coating performance meets the requirements of the automotive industry standards，enabling integrated coating for both automotive bodies and non-metallic parts.

Key words: low-temperature curing, waterborne coatings, conductive primer, electrostatic spraying, automotive lightweighting, supporting performance

中图分类号: 

• TQ633. 5+ 2