摘要： 【目的】石油管道内部同时面临酸性介质、高盐水分和砂砾冲击的破坏作用，传统聚氨酯涂层难以兼顾耐腐蚀性与耐冲击性，亟需进一步提升管道防护性能。【方法】利用羟基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷（OH-PDMS）改性聚氨酯，制备新型防腐耐冲击涂层。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、拉伸试验、回弹性测试、吸水率测定、水解质量损失率、电化学阻抗谱及落砂冲击试验，对涂层进行系统表征和评估。【结果】当 OH-PDMS含量为 15%时，涂层力学性能最优，拉伸强度达 63 MPa、韧性达 316. 4 MJ/m3。电化学实验表明，涂层经过氯化钠溶液浸泡 30 d后，低频阻抗模量仍维持初始值的 94%。此外，涂层的耐冲击性优异，磨损质量较改性前减少 42. 3%，表面损伤轻微。这些改进归因于 OH-PDMS诱导的微相分离、疏水性和能量吸收增强。【结论】该涂层在含砂、高盐等模拟石油管道内部环境中兼具高强度、长效防腐和优异耐冲击性，为管道内部防护提供了具有实际应用潜力的新方案。

关键词: 石油管道, 防腐, 耐磨, 聚氨酯, 羟丙基硅油

Abstract: ［Objective］The internal environment of oil pipelines faces the destructive effects of acidic media，high-salinity water，and sand impact simultaneously. Traditional polyurethane coatingsstruggle to balance corrosion resistance and impact resistance.［Methods］To enhance the protective performance of pipelines，a novel anti-corrosion and impact-resistant coating was prepared by utilizinghydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane（OH-PDMS） to modify polyurethane. The coating was systematically characterized and evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy，tensile testing， resilience testing，water absorption rate measurement，hydrolysis weight loss rate measurement， electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and falling sand impact testing.［Results］When the OH-PDMS content was 15%，the coating exhibited optimal mechanical properties，with tensile strength reaching 63 MPa and toughness reaching 316. 4 MJ/m3. After being immersed in sodium chloride immersion for 30 days，the impedance modulus of the coating still maintained 94% of its initial value. In addition，the coating exhibited excellent impact resistance，with wear mass reduced by 42. 3% and minimal surface damage. These improvements are attributed to the microphase separation， hydrophobicity and enhanced energy absorption induced by OH-PDMS.［Conclusion］This coating provides high strength，long-term corrosion resistance and excellent impact resistance in simulatedinternal environments of oil pipelines with sand and high salinity，offering an efficient solution with practical application potential for internal pipeline protection.

Key words: oil pipelines, anti-corrosion, wear resistance, polyurethane, hydroxypropyl silicone oil

中图分类号: 

• TQ635. 2