摘要： 【目的】为了弥补传统水性聚氨酯的短板，制备兼顾环保性、力学性能、耐介质性和折光率的高性能水性聚氨酯。【方法】以聚己二酸新戊二醇酯二醇（ PNA）、液体聚硫橡胶（ LPSR）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（ IPDI）为主要原料，通过改变 LPSR的添加量和 PNA的数均相对分子质量（ M_n）合成系列水性聚硫聚氨酯（ WSPU）分散体。对分散体稳定性、粒径及黏度进行了测试，并测试了胶膜的红外光谱、拉曼光谱、折光率、耐水性、耐溶剂性以及力学性能。【结果】当 PNA的 M_n为 2 000时，随着 LPSR添加量增加，胶膜的吸水率先减小后增大，耐溶剂性逐渐增强，折光率逐渐升高；与 PNA-2000相比，以 PNA-1000为原料合成的 WSPU胶膜具有更大的拉伸强度，更好的耐水性、耐溶剂性和更高的折光率。【结论】制备的 WSPU既具有良好的力学性能和耐溶剂性又具有较高的折光率。

关键词: 液体聚硫橡胶, 水性聚氨酯, 耐溶剂性, 折光率

Abstract: ［Objective］ To compensate for the shortcomings of traditional waterborne polyurethane，develop high-performance waterborne polyurethane materials that balance environmental protection，mechanical properties，resistance to various media，and good refractive index.［Methods］A series of waterborne polysulfide polyurethane（WSPU） dispersions were synthesized using poly（hexanediol adipate） diol（PNA）， liquid polysulfide rubber（LPSR）， and isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）as the main raw materials，by varying the addition of LPSR and the number-average molecular weight（M_n）of PNA. The stability，particle size and viscosity of the dispersions were tested，as well as the FT-IR and Raman spectra，refractive index，water resistance，solvent resistance and mechanical properties of the adhesive films.［Results］The WSPU dispersion exhibited good stability，with little change in average particle size，and the particle size is generally no more than 70 nm. When the M_n of PNA is 2000，with the addition of LPSR increases，under the condition of unchanged solid content，the viscosity of the dispersion shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The water absorption ofthe adhesive films first decreases and then increases，and the 24-hour water absorption rate does notexceed 5. 5%. The water contact angle first increases and then decreases，the maximum value exceeds 90°，indicating that the adhesive films have hydrophobic properties. The solvent resistance graduallyenhances，when the addition of LPSR is 20%，it can be immersed in anhydrous ethanol for one weekwithout any significant change in its morphology. The refractive index gradually increases，and the optical properties gradually enhance. Compared with PNA-2000，the WSPU synthesized with PNA-1000 has greater tensile strength，better water resistance，solvent resistance，and higher refractive index，but with a lower elongation at break.［Conclusion］The WSPU prepared by modifying WPU withLPSR not only possesses excellent mechanical properties and solvent resistance but also has a higherrefractive index. This provides a new idea for the development of high-performance optical protectivecoatings and optical waterborne polyurethane films.

Key words: liquid polysulfide rubber, waterborne polyurethane, solvent resistance, refractive

中图分类号: 

• TQ637