摘要： 【目的】为克服传统涂层易破损开裂、检测不便捷、防护寿命短的缺点，本文研究了一种集自修复与自预警为一体的复合涂层，该自修复为湿度响应型自修复，无需外部刺激便可自动恢复涂层损伤，延长服役期；自预警功能又能即时荧光提示缺陷，实现低成本现场监测，从而实现涂层长效耐腐蚀与智能化响应。【方法】通过一步同轴湿法静电纺丝技术，以分散 1，1，2，3，4，5-六苯基噻咯（ HPS）的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯（HDI）作为芯溶液，以掺杂碳纳米管（ CNTs）的聚丙烯腈（PAN）作为壳溶液，制备了具有仿生微血管网络构造的 HHPC核壳纳米纤维膜。随后，通过旋转涂布环氧树脂，得到 HHPC/EP复合涂层。【结果】用扫描电子显微镜（ SEM）和透射电子显微镜（ TEM）表征了微血管网络的形貌结构，利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（ FT-IR）分析其化学结构，验证了芯材料的成功封装；通过拉伸试验印证其优异的力学性能；进一步地，通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和盐雾试验系统检验了复合涂层的腐蚀防护性能。【结论】当复合涂层体系出现微观损伤时，微血管网络中封装的活性物质得到释放， HDI在水分子作用下交联形成聚脲分子网络，在恢复涂层的物理屏障功能的同时，限制 HPS分子间的空间相互作用，使其发射出明亮的绿色荧光，从而实现涂层微观损伤的自修复与自预警双功能。

关键词: 自修复, 自预警, 防腐涂层, 静电纺丝

Abstract: ［Objective］In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional coatings，such as easy damage and cracking，inconvenient detection and short protection life，this paper studies a compositecoating integrating self-healing and self-warning. The self-healing is humidity-responsive，which can automatically restore coating damage and prolong service life without additional external stimulation.The self-warning function can also prompt defects with instant fluorescence，so as to realize low-cost on-site monitoring，so as to realize long-term corrosion resistance and intelligent response of the coating.［Methods］ The HHPC core-shell nanofiber membrane with bionic microvascular network structure was prepared by one-step coaxial wet electrospinning technology，using hexamethylene diisocyanate（HDI）dispersed with 1，1，2，3，4，5-hexaphenylthiophene（HPS）as the core solution and polyacrylonitrile（PAN）doped with carbon nanotubes（CNTs）as the shell solution. Subsequently，the HHPC/EP composite coating was obtained by rotating the epoxy resin.［Results］The microstructure of the coating was characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The chemical structure was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR），and the successful encapsulation of the core material was verified. The excellent mechanicalproperties were confirmed by tensile test. Furthermore，the corrosion protection performance of thecomposite coating was tested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） and salt spray test system.［Conclusion］It was found that when the micro-damage occurred in the composite coating system，the active substances encapsulated in the microvascular network were released，and HDI was cross-linked to form a polyurea molecular network under the action of water. While restoring thephysical barrier function of the coating，the spatial interaction between HPS molecules was limited，so that it emitted bright green fluorescence，thus realizing the dual functions of self-healing and self-warning of micro-damage of the coating.

Key words: self-healing, self-warning, anticorrosive coating, electrospinning

中图分类号: 

• TQ635. 2