Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］Faced with the severe challenges of continuously increasingglobal energy consumption and the implementation of "dual carbon" strategies，developing radiativecooling materials that possess both high optical modulation capability and environmental adaptabilityholds irreplaceable strategic value for green energy conservation and emission reduction.［Analysis/Review/Progress］ This review systematically elucidates the thermodynamic equilibrium model and optical design strategies of radiative cooling coatings，pointing out the core optical performance requirements of high reflection and high emission. It highlights the optical and physicochemical mechanisms of three major material systems：inorganic，polymer and composite systems，and deeply discusses the latest regulation progress in interface engineering and multi-functional synergy. Furthermore，it summarizes the typical application scenarios and engineeringadvancements of these coatings in fields such as green buildings，photovoltaic modules，power facilities， and personal thermal management.［Conclusion/Prospect］ Radiative cooling coatings are movingtoward an integrated design. Future research should focus on low-cost，smart multi-functional，and fluorine-free green preparation，alongside improving the long-term service standardization system tosupport industrial implementation and carbon reduction.

Key words: radiative cooling, coating design, interface optimization, durability, energy efficiencyand sustainability

摘要： 【目的 /意义】面对全球能源能耗持续增长与“双碳”战略实施的严峻挑战，开发兼具高光学调控能力与环境适应性的辐射制冷材料在绿色节能减排方面具有不可替代的战略价值。【分析 /评论 /进展】系统阐述了辐射制冷涂层的热动力学平衡模型与光学设计策略，指出了高反射与高发射的核心光学特性要求，重点分析了无机、聚合物及复合体系三类材料的光学与物理化学机制，深入探讨了界面工程与多功能协同的最新调控进展，归纳了该涂层在绿色建筑、光伏组件、电力设施及个人热管理等领域的典型应用场景与工程化进展。【结论 /展望】辐射制冷涂层正迈向一体化设计，未来应聚焦低成本、智能多功能及无氟绿色制备，并完善长期服役标准化体系，以支撑工业化落地与碳削减。

关键词: 辐射制冷, 涂层设计, 界面优化, 耐候性, 绿色节能

CLC Number: 

• TQ637