摘要： 【目的】为研制适用于汽车和飞机铝合金的高性能阳极电泳涂料。【方法】以环氧磷酸酯树脂和改性氨基树脂固化剂为主体，制备了一种环氧阳极电泳涂料，探索了环氧树脂体系、固化剂类型和用量等因素对漆膜性能的影响。通过测试漆膜 Gel分率确定涂料最佳固化条件。【结果】当 m（CYD-014U）∶m（NPER-172）=7∶ 3复配环氧树脂，按照环氧基团与磷酸物质的量比 8∶1与磷酸反应合成环氧磷酸酯树脂，加入树脂质量 40%的甲醚化改性的三聚氰胺树脂 A作为固化剂，最佳固化条件为 110 ℃/30 min，制备的环氧阳极电泳涂层具有优异的力学性能和耐腐蚀性，漆膜硬度为 2H，柔韧性为 1 mm，耐中性盐雾性和耐湿热性分别达到了 3 000 h和 30 d。【结论】本文制备的阳极电泳涂料能够满足汽车和航空铝合金部件用电泳底漆的要求。
关键词:
阳极电泳涂料,
铝合金,
电泳涂装,
航空涂料,
轻量化
Abstract: ［Objective］To develop high-performance anodic electrophoretic coatings suitable forautomotive and aircraft aluminum alloys.［Methods］An epoxy-based anodic electrophoretic coatingwas prepared using epoxy phosphate ester resin and modified amino resin curing agent as the maincomponents. The effects of factors such as the epoxy resin system，the type and dosage of curing agent on the film performance were investigated. The optimal curing conditions of the coating were determined by testing the Gel fraction of the film.［Results］The resin was synthesized using a mass ratio of CYD-014U to NPER-172 at 7∶3 with an epoxy-to-phosphoric acid molar ratio of 8∶1. A methoxylated modified melamine resin A（40% addition by resin mass）was as the curing agent. Theoptimal curing conditions were determined to be 110 ℃ for 30 minutes. The prepared epoxy anodicelectrophoretic coating exhibited outstanding mechanical properties and corrosion resistance：the film hardness and flexibility was 2H and 1 mm respectively，furthermore，the resistance of neutral salt sprayand heat and humidity of paint film could reach 3 000 hours and 30 days，respectively.［Conclusion］ The anodic electrophoretic coatings prepared in this paper could meet the requirements for electrophoretic primer coatings on automotive and aerospace aluminum alloy components.
Key words:
anodic electrophoretic coating,
aluminum alloys,
electrodeposition,
aviation coatings,
lightweight
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