摘要： 为了提高有机涂层的防腐能力与使用寿命，研究人员致力于将缓蚀剂通过微纳米容器封装后再与基料混合。这种方法相比于直接将缓蚀剂与基料混合，更能够提高其与基料的相容性，并实现缓蚀剂可控释放，从而增强涂层的防腐效果。综述了用于制备微纳米容器的 3种常见材料，包括无机材料（埃洛石、二氧化铈、介孔二氧化硅、碳空心微球等）、有机材料（微胶囊、多孔微球）和无机-有机复合材料，在此基础上介绍了多重防腐微纳米容器。此外，还总结了 4种常见的缓蚀剂的封装方式（直接封装法、低压浸渍法、层层自组装封装、共价键结合法），并对缓蚀剂负载型微纳米容器未来的发展趋势进行了展望。基于缓蚀剂负载型微纳米容器防腐涂层在复杂环境下发挥着重要作用，能有效延长其使用寿命并提高防腐能力，是防止金属腐蚀的有效手段。

关键词: 微纳米容器, 金属腐蚀, 防腐涂层, 微胶囊, 多孔微球

Abstract: In order to improve the protective effect and service life of organic coating，researchers were committed to encapsulate corrosion inhibitors within micro/nanocontainers and then mixed them with coating matrix. Compared with the direct mixing，the encapsulated corrosion inhibitors in micro/nanocontainers could significantly enhance the compatibility with the matrix and control the release of the inhibitors，thereby enhancing the anticorrosive effectiveness. In this paper，three common types of materials used for preparing micro/nanocontainers were reviewed，including inorganic materials（halloysite，ceria，mesoporous silica，hollow carbon microspheres，and so on），organic materials（microcapsules，porous microspheres） and inorganic-organic composite materials， as well as micro/nanocontainers with multiple anticorrosive functions. Furthermore，four common encapsulation methods（direct encapsulation method，low-pressure impregnation method，layer by layer self-assembly，covalent bonding method）for corrosion inhibitors were summarized and the future development direction of micro/nanocontainers loaded with corrosion inhibitor was prospected. Anticorrosive coating based on micro/nanocontainer loaded with corrosioninhibitor played an important role in complex environments. It could effectively extend theservice life and enhance the corrosion resistance，which was an effective method to prevent metal corrosion.

Key words: micro/nanocontainers, metal corrosion, anticorrosive coating, microcapsule, porous microsphere

中图分类号: 

• TQ635. 2