摘要： 【目的】解决轨道交通领域水性炫彩涂料存在炫彩效果不稳定、与配套涂层兼容性差、施工适应性不足等技术难题。【方法】系统开展了水性炫彩漆的制备技术及其施工性研究，重点探讨了主体树脂体系、炫彩粉体参数及定向排列助剂等关键组分对涂层性能的影响。【结果】通过对比不同树脂体系的成膜特性，确定采用水性丙烯酸树脂乳液与低羟 /高羟水性羟基丙烯酸树脂的三元复配体系（质量比 1∶1∶1，以质量固含计）；优选表面钝化处理的具有多级粒径分布的复合型炫彩粉；采用有机改性蒙脱石黏土与乙烯 -醋酸乙烯共聚蜡（EVA）的协同定向技术。优化后的涂料体系展现出优异的综合性能，且在复杂工况下与聚氨酯底色漆、罩光清漆具有良好的配套性。【结论】成功开发出适用于轨道交通领域的环保炫彩涂料体系，本体系兼具环保性、高装饰性和优异综合性能，为该领域涂料的环保化与功能化应用难题提供了有效技术路径。

关键词: 炫彩漆, 水性涂料, 轨道交通

Abstract: ［Objective］To address the technical challenges of waterborne iridescent coatings in the rail transit field，including unstable iridescent effects，poor compatibility with supporting coatings， and limited application performance.［Methods］A systematic study on the preparation technology andapplication properties of waterborne iridescent coatings was carried out. The research focused on exploring the influence of key components，such as the main resin system，parameters of iridescent powders，and orientation aids，on the coating properties.［Results］Through comparative analysis of the film-forming characteristics of different resin systems，a ternary composite system consisting of waterborne acrylic resin emulsion，low-hydroxyl and high-hydroxyl waterborne hydroxyl acrylic resins at a 1∶1∶1 mass ratio（solid basis）was determined. A composite iridescent powder with multi-levelparticle size distribution and surface passivation treatment was optimized，and a synergistic orientationtechnology using organically modified montmorillonite clay and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer wax（EVA）was adopted. The optimized coating system exhibited excellent comprehensive properties anddemonstrated superior compatibility with various polyurethane primer and glossy varnish under complexworking conditions.［Conclusion］An environmentally friendly iridescent coating system suitable forthe rail transit field was successfully developed，which integrated environmental friendliness，high decorative performance，and excellent comprehensive properties，providing an effective technical solution to the environmental protection and functional application challenges of coatings in this field.

Key words: iridescent coatings, waterborne coatings, rail transit

中图分类号: 

• TQ635. 9