摘要： 【目的】为了提高聚脲弹性体（PUA）基复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能，克服传统阻燃改性导致的力学性能下降问题。【方法】采用氨基三亚甲基磷酸（ ATMP）对埃洛石纳米管（ HNT）进行内部阻燃改性，并将改性后的 ATMP-HNT添加到聚脲弹性体中，制备 PUA/ATMP-HNT复合材料。通过锥形量热试验、垂直燃烧试验和拉伸试验，对比分析纯 PUA、PUA/HNT和 PUA/ATMP-HNT三种试件的阻燃性能、燃烧行为和力学性能。【结果】在 600 s的锥形量热测试过程中，与纯 PUA相比， PUA/ATMP-HNT复合材料的总热释放量降低 7. 2%，极限氧指数（ LOI）提升 19. 9%，总烟雾释放量减少 26. 2%，同时拉伸强度提高 10. 1%。【结论】 ATMP改性埃洛石纳米管可显著提升聚脲复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能，在降低火灾风险的同时保持材料的结构强度，具有潜在的应用价值。

关键词: 聚脲, 埃洛石, 氨基三亚甲基磷酸, 阻燃性能

Abstract: ［Objective］ To enhance both the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polyurea elastomer（PUA） composites，addressing the issue of mechanical performance degradationcaused by traditional flame-retardant modifications.［Methods］ Halloysite nanotubes（HNT） were internally modified with amino trimethylene phosphonic acid（ATMP） as a flame retardant. The modified ATMP-HNT was then incorporated into polyurea to prepare PUA/ATMP-HNT composites.The flame retardancy，combustion behavior，and mechanical properties of pure PUA，PUA/HNT（with 5% unmodified HNT）and PUA/ATMP-HNT（with 5% ATMP-HNT）were comparatively investigated using cone calorimetry，vertical burning tests，and tensile testing.［Results］During the 600 s cone calorimeter test，compared to pure PUA，the PUA/ATMP-HNT composite exhibited a 7. 2% reduction in total heat release，a 19. 9% increase in limiting oxygen index（LOI）， a 26. 2% decrease in total smoke production，and a 10. 1% improvement in tensile strength.［Conclusion］ ATMP-modified halloysite nanotubes significantly improve both the flame retardancy and mechanical performance of polyurea composites. This approach effectively reduces fire hazards while preserving the structuralintegrity of the material，demonstrating promising potential for practical applications. 

Key words: polyurea, halloysite, amino-trimethyl-phosphoric acid, flame retardancy

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 6