Abstract: The polyphosphoric ester melamine intumescent flame retardant was synthesized in the presence of polyphosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and melamine. The influence factors on the preparation of the flame retardant, such as reaction temperature, composition of components, the reaction time and solvent were investigated. The experimental results showed that the optimal temperature was the refluxing temperature, the optimal reaction time was 8 h. and the optimal mole ratio of three materials was n( polyphosphoricacid): n( pentaerythritol): n(melamine) =3: 1: (2~3). The prepared flame retardant was characterized by FTIR, TG and DSC. The thermal properties of flame retardant epoxy resin was also investigated.

Key words: poly phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol melamine, intumescent, flame retardant

摘要： 以多聚磷酸为酸源、季戊四醇为炭源、三聚氰胺为气源合成了膨胀型阻燃剂季戊四醇多聚磷酸酯三聚氰胺盐。考察了反应温度、物料配比、时间和溶剂对阻燃剂合成反应的影响。结果发现合成反应的最佳温度为回流温度，最佳反应时间为 8h，最佳物质的量的配比为 n(多聚磷酸)∶n(季戊四醇)∶n(三聚氰胺)=3∶1∶(2~3)。用 FT-IR、TG和 DSC对阻燃剂进行了表征，并考察了阻燃环氧树脂的热性能。

关键词: 多聚磷酸, 季戊四醇, 三聚氰胺, 膨胀型, 阻燃剂