摘要： 【目的 /意义】本征型自修复材料理论上可以在受损部位进行多次愈合，但是可逆共价键和非共价键的引入会降低材料的力学性能，引入二维纳米材料对于自修复材料性能的改进尤为重要。【分析 /评论 /进展】本文聚焦于二维纳米材料，系统分析了其通过独特的物理阻隔、化学催化以及动态网络调控机制，如何影响 Diels-Alder反应的热力学与动力学，如何优化自修复过程的裂纹闭合与愈合效率，以及如何实现涂层的多功能化和智能化。【结论 /展望】通过对纳米材料 -基体之间相互作用的探讨，为开发新一代高效自修复涂层提供了理论依据和技术方向。

关键词: 二维纳米材料, Diels-Alder反应, 自修复机理, 石墨烯, MXene

Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］ Intrinsic self-healing materials can theoretically undergomultiple healings at damaged sites. However，the introduction of reversible covalent bonds and non-covalent bonds may reduce mechanical properties of the materials. The incorporation of two-dimensional nanomaterials is particularly significant for enhancing the performance of self-healingmaterials.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］ Focusing on two-dimensional nanomaterials，this paper systematically analyzes how they influence the thermodynamics and kinetics of the Diels-Alder reaction through unique mechanisms—such as physical barrier effects，chemical catalysis，and dynamicnetwork regulation. It further explores how these materials optimize crack closure and healing efficiencyduring self-healing processes and enable multifunctional and intelligent capabilities in coatings.［Conclusion/Prospect］Through exploring the interactions between nanomaterials and the matrix，this work provides a theoretical foundation and technical direction for developing next-generation high-efficiency self-healing coatings.

Key words: two-dimensional nanomaterials, Diels-Alder reaction, self-healing mechanism, graphene, MXene

中图分类号: 

• TQ637