摘要： 【目的】解决雷达罩用防雨蚀抗静电涂料外场低温环境干燥性能差和施工难等问题。【方法】以聚酯多元醇、颜料和导静电浆料等制备了色浆，以色浆、三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）合成了端—NCO弹性预聚物，以端—NCO弹性预聚物、苯胺甲基三乙氧基硅烷（ND-42）、有机消光粉和抗老化助剂等制备了单组分硅烷改性聚氨酯雷达罩弹性修补涂层。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪对其结构、相对分子质量及其分布进行表征。考察了不同硅烷偶联剂改性对涂层弹性和施工性能的影响以及导静电填料、消光粉类型和抗老化助剂用量对涂层抗静电性能、耐紫外老化性能和涂层表面状态的影响。【结果】成功制备了模拟外场环境（5~40 ℃，相对湿度 20%~75%）可施工固化的单组分弹性防护涂层；采用苯胺甲基三乙氧基硅烷改性弹性预聚物，且用有机消光粉对涂层进行消光，制备的涂层弹性优异，耐磨性良好，表面状态光滑细腻；添加导静电浆料使得涂层表面电阻可达到 0. 5~10 MΩ，且提升了涂层的拉伸强度；添加复合抗老化助剂后涂层耐紫外老化 1 000 h不粉化、不开裂、ΔE=2. 1。【结论】成功研制出适用于雷达罩领域的外场修补用防护涂层，该涂层为雷达罩领域修补应用提供了可行思路。

关键词: 雷达罩, 外场修补, 硅烷改性聚氨酯, 弹性, 耐紫外老化, 抗静电性能

Abstract: ［Objective］To address the issues of poor drying performance in low-temperature field environments and difficult application of rain erosion-resistant antistatic coatings for radomes.［Methods］A color paste was prepared using polyester polyols，pigments，and conductive fillers. An NCO-terminated elastic prepolymer was synthesized from this color paste，trimethylolpropane（TMP）， and isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）. Subsequently，a one-component elastic repair coating for radomeswas developed using the NCO-terminated elastic prepolymer，N-［（triethoxysilyl）methyl］aniline（ND-42），and anti-aging additives and organic matting agents. The structure，molecular weight，and molecular weight distribution were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR） and gel permeation chromatography（GPC）. The effects of different silane coupling agent modificationson the coating's elastic properties and application performance were investigated，along with the impacts of conductive fillers，various matting agents，and anti-aging additive dosages on the coating ..s antistatic properties，UV aging resistance，and surface characteristics.［Results］ A one-component elastic protective coating was successfully developed，capable of curing under field conditions（5-40 ℃， RH=20%-75%）. The coating modified with ND-42 and matted with organic matting agents exhibited excellent elasticity，good wear resistance，and a smooth，fine surface texture. Incorporation of conductive fillers achieved surface resistivity of 0. 5-10 MΩ while enhancing tensile strength. Afteradding the compound anti-aging additive，the coating remained free from powdering，cracking and ΔE= 2. 1 after 1 000 hours of UV aging.［Conclusion］ A protective coating suitable for field repair of radomes had been successfully developed. This coating provided a feasible approach for repair applications in the field of radomes.

Key words: radome, field repair, silylated polyurethane, elastic, resistant to ultraviolet aging, antistatic performance

中图分类号: 

• TQ635