摘要： 利用阳离子疏水剂对硅酸镁铝（MS）进行改性，再复合SiO₂ 气凝胶制备高效内墙干粉保温腻子。采用X 射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积（BET）、Zeta 电位对改性MS 进行了表征，用保温温差及导热系数对腻子进行了保温性能评价。结果显示，改性MS 的XRD 衍射峰2θ、比表面积及孔容都减小，表观孔径和Zeta 电位增大，表明疏水改性剂可能以多种方式进入ＭＳ 层间及吸附在其表面，造成MS 层间及表面微孔封闭；所得MS 腻子抗开裂性得到了改善，保温效果提高；改性MS 再复合SiO₂ 气凝胶所得保温腻子，保温性能得到了进一步提高，其试板较原试板保温温差增加了5.2 ℃，导热系数小至0.042 W/(m·K）。

关键词: 聚酰胺酰亚胺, 三元共聚, 结构和性能, 涂层, 热稳定性

Abstract:  The aluminium-magnesium silicate(MS )was modified by the cationic hydrophobic agent, and then was compounded with SiO₂ aerogel to prepare high perfermance powder insulation interior wall putty. The modified MS was characterized by XRD, BET and Zeta potential. The properties of the putty containing modified MS and SiO₂ aerogel were evaluated by insulation temperature difference and coefficient of thermal conductivity. The results showed that the 2θ, surface area and pore volumes of the modified MS were reduced while the apparent pore size and Zeta potential were increased. The modifier could be penetrated into interlayer of  the MS and/or adsorbed on its surface. which resulted in the blocked interlayer and surface micropore. The anti-shrinkage and thermal insulation performances of the putty were improved by adding modified MS. The insulation temperature difference of the sample containing modified MS and SiO₂ was inereased by 5.2 ℃ compared with the original sample, the coefficient of thermal conductivity was 0.042 W/(m. K).

Key words: aluminium-magnesium silicate, hydrophobic modification, SiO₂ aerogel, putty for interior wall, thermal insulation