摘要： 【目的/意义】复杂的界面微观结构是涂层与基体系统最薄弱的环节，而界面断裂韧性是评估涂层抵抗界面裂纹萌生与扩展能力的关键指标。对界面断裂韧性进行准确评价不仅是判定界面失效分析的核心依据，更是实现涂层高强度、高韧性优化设计的前提。【分析/评论/进展】目前，界面断裂韧性的评价方法复杂且多样，主要分为载荷法和能量法两个大类，其中能量法从系统全局的能量平衡角度出发，提供了物理意义更明确、更稳定的断裂驱动力指标。本文主要介绍基于能量法的界面断裂韧性评价方法。概述了能量法评价界面断裂韧性的优势，例举了拉伸法、鼓泡法、弯曲法、悬臂梁法、压痕法、划痕法和有限元分析等 7种基于能量法的界面断裂韧性评价方法的原理、发展现状、适用场景及优缺点，分析了机器学习在涂层智能化设计方面的应用。【结论/展望】目前已有多种界面断裂韧性评估方法，但尚不存在一种普适性的测试技术，由于实验条件理想化与真实失效行为的差异，每种方法都有其局限性，亟需通过技术创新与多方法协同提升适用性。未来的研究工作需要将界面断裂力学与材料科学相结合，推动多种测试技术与机器学习相结合，实现界面断裂行为的精准预测，推动涂层技术向数字化和智能化方向发展。

关键词: 涂层性能, 裂纹扩展, 界面断裂韧性, 能量法

Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］The complex interfacial microstructure is the weakest link in the coating-substrate system，and the interfacial fracture toughness is a key indicator for the evaluation of the coating's ability to resist the initiation and propagation of interfacial cracks. Accurately assessingthe interfacial fracture toughness is not only a core basis for determining interface failure analysis butalso a prerequisite for achieving the optimal design of coatings with high strength and high toughness.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］Currently，the evaluation methods for interfacial fracture toughness are complex and diverse，mainly divided into two categories：load-based methods and energy-based methods. Energy-based methods，starting from the perspective of the global energy balance of the system，provide a fracture driving force indicator with clearer physical meaning and greater stability.This paper primarily introduces evaluation methods for interfacial fracture toughness based on theenergy method. First，the advantages of the energy method for evaluating interfacial fracture toughness are outlined. Second，the principles，development status，application scenarios，advantages，and disadvantages of seven energy-based evaluation methods for interfacial fracture toughness are exemplified，including the tensile test method，blister test method，bending test method，cantilever beam test method，indentation test method，scratch test method，and finite element analysis. Subsequently，the application of machine learning in the intelligent design of coatings is analyzed.［Conclusion/Prospect］Despite the development of various methods for evaluating interfacial fracture toughness，a universal testing technique remains unavailable. Due to discrepancies between idealizedexperimental conditions and actual failure behavior，each method has its limitations，underscoring theneed for technological innovation and multi-method collaboration to enhance applicability. Future research should integrate interfacial fracture mechanics with materials science，combine diverse testing techniques with machine learning，and enable accurate prediction of interfacial fracture behavior， thereby advancing coating technology toward digitalization and intelligence.

Key words: coating performance；crack propagation；interfacial fracture toughness；energy-based methods 

中图分类号: 

• TQ630