摘要： 【目的】光伏组件表面易受灰尘、污染物及酸碱腐蚀影响，导致透光率下降从而影响光电转化效率，急需开发自清洁耐蚀防护涂层。【方法】本研究创新设计氟烃基 /巯基改性硅树脂（ FS-MTQ）并将其与自制丙烯酸改性氢化环氧树脂（ AHE）按照一定比例复配，通过机械共混 -喷枪喷涂 -UV固化的方式构，筑氟硅改性氢化环氧树脂涂层（ AHE-FS-MTQ）。采用 FT-IR、XPS、XRD等对树脂进行结构表征，并探索 FS-MTQ的添加量对 AHE-FS-MTQ透光率、自清洁、耐酸碱等性能的影响。【结果】当 FS-MTQ添加量为 30%（以 AHE质量计）时，涂层综合性能最优，平均透光率为 93. 9%，水接触角达到 114°，表面能下降 54. 07%，铅笔硬度达 5H，划格试验 1级，可实现水、茶、沙尘等污染物的无残留去除，且经酸碱盐溶液浸泡 24 h后，涂层核心性能衰减幅度 <5%，仍保持优异的疏水性与透光率。【结论】该涂层制备工艺高效，初步表现出良好的环境稳定性，有望对光伏组件防护提供工程应用价值。

关键词: 光伏组件, UV固化, 氟硅改性, 高透明, 自清洁

Abstract: ［Objective］ The surface of photovoltaic（PV）modules is susceptible to dust， contaminants and acid-base corrosion，which reduces light transmittance and consequently impairsphotoelectric conversion efficiency. Accordingly，there is an urgent need to develop protective coatingswith self-cleaning and corrosion-resistant properties.［Methods］In this study，fluoroalkyl/mercapto-modified silicone resin（FS-MTQ）was innovatively designed，and compounded with homemade acrylic-modified hydrogenated epoxy resin（AHE） at various mass ratios. The fluorosilicone-modified hydrogenated epoxy resin coating（AHE-FS-MTQ） was fabricated via mechanical blending，spray coating and UV curing processes. The chemical structures of resins were characterized by FT-IR，XPS， XRD and other testing methods. Meanwhile，the effects of FS-MTQ loading on the light transmittance， self-cleaning property，acid/alkali resistance as well as other properties of the AHE-FS-MTQ coating was systematically investigated.［Results］When the mass fraction of FS-MTQ was 30%（relative to AHE mass）， the coating exhibited the best comprehensive performance with an average light transmittance of 93. 9%，a water contact angle of 114°，a 54. 07% reduction in surface energy，a pencilhardness of 5H and an adhesion rating of grade 1. It could efficiently eliminate pollutants such as waterdroplets，tea stains and dust without leaving any residues. Furthermore，after immersion in acid，alkali and salt solutions for 24 h，the degradation of its key properties remained below 5%，and the coating still maintained favorable hydrophobicity and high light transmittance.［Conclusion］The preparation process is efficient，and the coating preliminarily presents good environmental stability，showing promising engineering application value for the protection of photovoltaic modules.

Key words: photovoltaic modules, UV curing, fluorosilicone modification, high transparency, self-cleaning

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 83