Abstract: [Objective] This study aimed to develop a room-temperature epoxy curing agent thatenabled both rapid curing of coatings and excellent water resistance and mechanical properties.【Methods】 Thiourea-modified polyamine curing agent (TPA) and cardanol-based phenolic amine curing agent(CFA) were prepared using tetraethylene pentamine, thiourea, 2, 4, 6-tris(diethylaminomethyl)phenol(DMP-30), cuminaldehyde, formaldehyde, phenol, diethylenetriamine, and other raw materials. Blendingthe two in different ratios as curing agents, epoxy resin E51 was used as the main resin. By optimizingthe composition and ratio of the blended system, a series of curing systems were developed.The structureof the curing agents, as well as the surface wettability and mechanical properties of the cured products with E51 epoxy resin, were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact anglemeasurement, and tensile testing. The influence of different TPA/CFA blend ratios on the above propertieswas investigated.【Results】In the TPA/CFA blended curing agent system, as the proportion of CFA increased,the curing time of the system extended, while water resistance improved. The optimal overall performancewas achieved at a TPA-to-CFA mass ratio of 8∶2. Under room temperature conditions, the gel time was4 min and the hard-dry time was 73 min. The coating showed no blistering or detachment after immersionin water 24 h at 25℃ . The cured material exhibited a tensile strength of 25.7 MPa, an elongation atbreak of 15.1%, and a toughness modulus of 154.1 MJ/m³.【Conclusion】 Through the synergistic effectof the high reactivity of TPA and the hydrophobicity and toughening effect provided by the long alkylchain of CFA, an optimal balance between curing rate and water resistance was successfully achieved.

Key words: cardanol, phenolic amine curing agent, polyamine curing agent, epoxy resin

摘要： 目的】开发一种环氧树脂室温固化剂，以实现涂层快速固化的同时兼具优异的耐水性和力学性能。【方法】以四乙烯五胺、硫脲、 2，4，6-三（二甲胺基甲基）苯酚（ DMP-30）、腰果酚、甲醛、苯酚以及二乙烯三胺等为原料，制备硫脲改性多元胺固化剂（ TPA）和腰果酚醛胺固化剂（ CFA）。并将两者按不同比例复配作为固化剂，以环氧树脂 E51为主体树脂，通过优化复配体系的组成和配比，制备出系列固化体系。采用红外光谱仪、接触角测量仪及拉力试验机等表征固化剂的结构、固化产物的表面润湿性及力学性能，考察了 TPA与 CFA配比对上述性能的影响规律。【结果】在 TPA与 CFA复配固化剂中，随着 CFA比例增加，体系固化时间延长，耐水性提升。当 TPA与 CFA质量比为 8∶2时，综合性能最优，室温下凝胶时间 4 min，实干时间 73 min。涂层在 25 ℃水浸 24 h无起泡脱落，拉伸强度为 25.7 MPa，断裂伸长率为 15.1%，韧性模量为 154.1 MJ/m³。【结论】通过 TPA的高反应活性与 CFA长链烷基赋予的疏水性及增韧效应的协同作用，成功实现了环氧树脂固化速率与耐水性的优化平衡。

关键词: 腰果酚, 酚醛胺固化剂, 多元胺固化剂, 环氧树脂

CLC Number: 

• TQ 630.4