摘要： 【目的】为解决水性双酚 A型环氧富锌涂料在以环氧组分为锌粉载体转相乳化时，不外加稀释剂导致的转相黏度过高、搅拌不均匀的问题。【方法】以 4-甲基六氢苯酐和市售二胺为原料，合成了 3种二元酰胺酸，再用酰胺酸与双酚 A型环氧树脂 E51反应制得 3种酰胺酸改性环氧树脂，将这些改性环氧树脂与乳化剂和丙二醇甲醚复配得到适用于水性环氧富锌涂料体系的水性环氧富锌树脂。通过核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱等确认了酰胺酸和酰胺酸改性环氧树脂结构，并通过流变仪和差示扫描量热仪分别表征了酰胺酸改性环氧树脂的黏度和玻璃化转变温度（ T_g）。将酰胺酸改性水性环氧富锌树脂与市售胺类固化剂配制成水性环氧富锌涂料，研究其在乳化转相过程中的黏度变化规律及涂装施工性能；并通过耐水、耐碱及耐盐雾测试对比了涂料的应用性能。【结果】酰胺酸改性环氧树脂的黏度和 T_g明显低于双酚 A型环氧树脂 E20，同时其制备的涂料加水乳化相反转过程中没有明显的黏度剧烈增大过程，对比市售样品具有更好的施工性能；相应涂料具有较优异的耐介质性。【结论】以间苯二甲胺为起始原料的树脂综合性能较优，施工性能较好，可有效满足此类产品的应用性能需求。

关键词: 低黏度, 酰胺酸, 环氧树脂改性, 水性环氧富锌涂料, 涂膜性能

Abstract: ［Objective］To solve the problems of excessively high viscosity and uneven stirring inwaterborne bisphenol A epoxy zinc-rich coatings during phase inversion emulsification when noexternal diluent is added while the epoxy component serves as the carrier for zinc powder.［Methods］ Three binary amide acids were synthesized using 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride and commercially available diamines as raw materials. These amide acids were subsequently reacted withbisphenol A epoxy resin E51 to yield three corresponding amide acid-modified epoxy resins. The modified resins were blended with an emulsifier and propylene glycol methyl ether to produce awaterborne zinc-rich epoxy resin suitable for waterborne zinc-rich coating systems. The structures ofthe amide acids and amide acid-modified epoxy resins were confirmed by ¹H NMR and infraredspectroscopy. The viscosity and glass transition temperature（T_g）of the amide acid-modified epoxyresins were characterized using rheometer and differential scanning calorimetry，respectively. Additionally，the amide acid-modified waterborne zinc-rich epoxy resins were formulated into coatingswith a commercially available amine-based curing agent to study the viscosity variation during thephase inversion process and the coating application performance. The practical performance of thecoatings was evaluated through water resistance，alkali resistance，and salt spray tests.［Results］The viscosity and T_g of the amide acid-modified epoxy resins were significantly lower than those ofbisphenol A epoxy resin E20. Notably，the prepared coatings exhibited no sharp viscosity increaseduring the emulsification and phase-inversion process，demonstrating superior application performance compared to commercial counterparts. The coatings also displayed excellent media resistance.［Conclusion］The resin derived from m-xylylenediamine displayed the most balanced comprehensive properties，along with superior application performance，effectively fulfilling the practical requirements for such products.

Key words: low viscosity；amide acid；epoxy resin modification；waterborne epoxy zinc-rich coatings；film properties 

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 81