摘要： 【目的/意义】固体表面结冰与积冰现象广泛存在于各类裸露设施表面，对工业生产与人类日常生活构成严重危害。开发高效、稳定且环境友好的防/除冰涂料，对解决极端气候下的结冰问题具有重要工程意义。【分析/评论/进展】本文系统综述了近年来光热功能与界面功能化结合的多尺度设计策略在防/除冰表面的研究进展，从机理层面阐述固体表面疏冰性与防/除冰涂料的作用机制，基于能量转换机制分类介绍了各类光热材料的特性与应用，总结了相变储能、光热功能材料与界面功能化相结合设计策略的优势和挑战。【结论/展望】针对复杂环境下的防/除冰需求，光热功能与界面功能化结合的设计方案在长效防/除冰性能方面潜力显著，为全天候防/除冰涂料的发展提供新的方向。

关键词: 光热转换, 防/除冰涂料, 全天候防/除冰, 光热除冰, 电热, 相变储能

Abstract: ［Objective/Significance］ Icing and ice accumulation on solid surfaces are widelyobserved on various exposed facilities，posing significant hazards to industrial production and humandaily life. The development of efficient，stable，and environmentally friendly anti-icing/de-icingcoatings is of great engineering significance in solving the icing problem in extreme climates.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］We systematically review the recent research progress in multi-scaledesign strategies combining photothermal functionalization and interfacial functionalization for anti-icing/de-icing surfaces，and elucidate the mechanism of solid surface ice-phobicity and anti-icing/de-icing coatings from the mechanistic level. Categorized based on energy conversion mechanisms，the characteristics and applications of various photothermal materials are introduced. Additionally，the advantages and challenges of design strategies combining phase change energy storage，photothermal functional materials，and interfacial functionalization are summarized.［Conclusion/Prospect］ To address the demands for anti-icing/de-icing in complex environments，the combination of photo-thermal and interfacial functionalization has significant potential for long-lasting anti-icing/de-icingperformance. This strategy thereby offers a novel direction for the development of all-weather anti-icing/de-icing coatings.

Key words: photothermal conversion, anti-icing/de-icing coatings, all-weather anti-icing/de-icing, photothermal de-icing, phase change energy storage, electrothermal

中图分类号: 

• TQ637. 2