摘要： 以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚(N-210)、硼酚醛(FB)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为主要原料合成了一系列硼酚醛阻燃改性的水性聚氨酯。通过对样品进行红外、吸水率、拉伸、热分析(TGA)、极限氧指数(LOI)、微型燃烧量热(MCC)等测试,研究了硼酚醛的加入对水性聚氨酯乳液稳定性、耐水性、力学性能、热性能、阻燃性能的影响。测试结果表明:一定含量的硼酚醛的加入使得聚氨酯的耐水性、拉伸强度和硬度得到提高,热稳定性显著提高,热分解速率明显降低,残炭率显著增加。当硼酚醛含量占聚氨酯预聚体质量分数10%时,氧指数为29%,聚氨酯材料由易燃变为难燃。聚氨酯的阻燃性能得到很大提高,UL-94垂直燃烧测试结果显示,聚氨酯的阻燃性能已达到UL-94V-1级。

关键词: 水性聚氨酯, 硼酚醛, 阻燃剂

Abstract: A range of flame retardant waterborne polyurethane emulsion modified by boron phenolic (FB), were synthesized with polyether diols(N-210), isophorone diisocyanate(, boron phenolic (FB), 1,4-butanediol(BDO), trimethylolpropar TMP), and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)as the basic monomers. The influence of the amount of FB on polyurethane (PU) emulsion stability, water resistance, mechanical property, thermal properties, and flame -retardant properties was investigated by FT-IR, water absorption, tensile test, pendulum hardness test, thermal analysis(TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), micro-combustion calorimetry(MCC), and so on. The experiment results indicated that, with the reasonable addition of FB, both the water absorption and heat decomposition rate of polyurethane were reduced, tensile strength, hardness and thermal stability were improved, while the carbon yield obviously increased. The LOI was 29% and UL-94 vertical burn test showed that the flame retardancy of polyurethane had reached UL-94V-1, when the mass fraction of FB was 10% in the prepolymer. Therefore, the flammable polyurethane material became nonflammable, and its flame -retardant performance was greatly improved.

Key words: waterbome polyurethane, boron phenolic, flame retardant