摘要： 以聚醚(N-210)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为基本单体,一缩二乙二醇(EX)为扩链剂,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,制备出固含量为30%的水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液。采用机械分散的方式将纳米硅溶胶按计量加入到WPU乳液中,得到一系列硅溶胶改性的WPU乳液。研究表明,硅溶胶在WPU中分散得比较均匀,硅溶胶粒子和聚氨酯(PU)粒子间存在相互作用,硅溶胶的加入可提高PU的力学性能、耐水性和硬度;TGA测试表明硅溶胶的加入可以提高PU的热稳定性;燃烧测试表明,硅溶胶的加入很大程度上提高了PU的阻燃性,当硅溶胶的加入量为20%时,其氧指数可达到26%。

关键词: 水性聚氨酯, 硅溶胶, 阻燃, 氧指数

Abstract: The waterbome polyurethane (WPU)emulsion with solid content of 30% was synthesized with polyether 210(N-210), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)as basic monomers, diethylene glycol(EX) as chain extender, dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA)as the hydrophilic chain extender. A series of WPU emulsions modified with silica sol were prepared by mechanical dispersion of silica sol in WPU emulsion at a specilied amount The results showed that silica sol was evenly dispersed in the WPU. There was interaction between silica particles and polyurethane( PU)particles. The addition of silica sol could enhance the mechanical properties, water resistance, hardness of PU. TGA tests showed that the addition of silica sol could improve the thermal stability of PU. Combustion tests showed that the addition of silica sol greatly improved the flame retardancy of PU. The oxygen index could achieve 26% when the quantity of the silica sol was 20%.

Key words: waterborne polyurethane, silica sol, flame retardant, oxygen index