［Purpose］To address the reduction in photovoltaic conversion efficiency caused byoutdoor dust accumulation on photovoltaic（PV）modules.［Method］A nano-SiO2/PDMS coating was fabricated via dip coating using hydrophilic nano-SiO₂ as the filler，1H，1H，2H，2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane（PFDTES）as the surface modifier，and polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS）as the polymer matrix. The effect of nano-SiO₂ addition on the coating structure，hydrophobicity， translucency，mechanical properties，and weather resistance was studied，and the effect of the coating on the photoelectric properties of silicon cells was tested.［Results］The coating exhibited the best overall performance at a nano-SiO₂ loading of 0. 5 g，achieving a water contact angle of 164. 8°，a sliding angle of 7°，and an optical transmittance of 68. 8%. It also demonstrated a certain degree of self-cleaning capability，although its surface hardness remained relatively low. The coating remainedsuperhydrophobic even after being continuously irradiated with ultraviolet light for 7 days or placed in ahigh-temperature and high-humidity environment for 70 hours. After soaking in an acidic or alkalinesolution for 3 hours，the water contact angle remained above 143° . When the optimized coating wasapplied to the surface of PV cover glass，the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the cell onlydecreased by 2. 18%，and there was no significant change in the core photovoltaic parameters.［Conclusion］The proposed coating can be prepared through a simple and cost-controllable processand combines superhydrophobicity，self-cleaning capability，and good weathering resistance. It hadexcellent compatibility with photovoltaic devices and could effectively solve the problem of outdoor dustself-cleaning of photovoltaic modules. It provided experimental basis and technical support for theresearch and industrial application of self-cleaning protective coatings for photovoltaic modules.