［Objective］ To compensate for the shortcomings of traditional waterborne polyurethane，develop high-performance waterborne polyurethane materials that balance environmental protection，mechanical properties，resistance to various media，and good refractive index.［Methods］A series of waterborne polysulfide polyurethane（WSPU） dispersions were synthesized using poly（hexanediol adipate） diol（PNA）， liquid polysulfide rubber（LPSR）， and isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）as the main raw materials，by varying the addition of LPSR and the number-average molecular weight（M_n）of PNA. The stability，particle size and viscosity of the dispersions were tested，as well as the FT-IR and Raman spectra，refractive index，water resistance，solvent resistance and mechanical properties of the adhesive films.［Results］The WSPU dispersion exhibited good stability，with little change in average particle size，and the particle size is generally no more than 70 nm. When the M_n of PNA is 2000，with the addition of LPSR increases，under the condition of unchanged solid content，the viscosity of the dispersion shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The water absorption ofthe adhesive films first decreases and then increases，and the 24-hour water absorption rate does notexceed 5. 5%. The water contact angle first increases and then decreases，the maximum value exceeds 90°，indicating that the adhesive films have hydrophobic properties. The solvent resistance graduallyenhances，when the addition of LPSR is 20%，it can be immersed in anhydrous ethanol for one weekwithout any significant change in its morphology. The refractive index gradually increases，and the optical properties gradually enhance. Compared with PNA-2000，the WSPU synthesized with PNA-1000 has greater tensile strength，better water resistance，solvent resistance，and higher refractive index，but with a lower elongation at break.［Conclusion］The WSPU prepared by modifying WPU withLPSR not only possesses excellent mechanical properties and solvent resistance but also has a higherrefractive index. This provides a new idea for the development of high-performance optical protectivecoatings and optical waterborne polyurethane films.