［Objective］ To optimize the interfacial adhesion between ceramic-reinforced resin coatings and stainless steel，and to reveal the intrinsic correlation mechanism linking surface pretreatment，interfacial microstructure，and adhesion performance.［Methods］This study investigated the effects of three pretreatment processes，namely as-manual grinding，mechanical grinding，and sandblasting. Confocal microscopy，X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）， and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy（SEM/EDS）were used to characterize the microtopographyof the stainless steel surface and coating interface. Combined with pull-off tests to measure the coatingadhesion，the adhesion enhancement mechanism and interfacial failure modes were analyzed. ［Results］Due to the presence of a dense oxide film（Cr2O3，Fe3O4）on the original surface，gaps were easily formed between the coating and the substrate，resulting in the lowest coating adhesion（4. 9 MPa），the failure was primarily attributed to delamination between the coating and the substrate interface. By removing part of the oxide film and forming grooves，manual/mechanical grinding increased the adhesion to 15. 4-18. 0 MPa by virtue of mechanical interlocking and the stress regulation effect of ceramic phases，and the failure mode presented a mixed pattern of interfaceseparation and coating cohesive failure. Sandblasting removed the oxide film and formed three-dimensional pits，allowing the ceramic phase to interlock deeply with the pits，resulting in peak adhesion.［Conclusion］ Surface pretreatment could significantly alter the interfacial microstructurebetween the metal substrate and the coating，ultimately affecting the bonding strength and final failuremode of coating. Sandblasting was the optimal pretreatment process，providing a scientific basis for theselection of pretreatment processes for ceramic-reinforced resin coatings in engineering practice.