To solve the problems of corrosion and scaling existing in the coating of traditional oil well pipes under harsh working conditions，two kinds of microcapsules（MCs） loaded with hydroxyl fluorosilicone oil and zinc sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate were respectively prepared by interfacial polymerization，and carbon nanofibers（CNF） were introduced to construct a three-dimensional network structure. The self-healing superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF）/fluorosilicone resin（FSR）/MCs/CNF coating was prepared by spray coating. The gas film was captured through the synergy of low surface energy and network structure，effectively inhibiting the penetration of corrosive ions and the formation of CaCO₃ scale nucleus at the water/coating interface. In addition，the loaded  microcapsules respectively endowed the coating with abilities of self-healing and chelating scale-forming ions，which could enhance the anticorrosive and anti-scaling performance of thecoating. The scaling amount of the aluminum plate with the attached coating was reduced by 0. 205 mg/cm²，and the corrosion potential and corrosion current density were reduced to 0. 051 V and 1. 15×10^-9 A/cm². The coating also indicated good wear resistance，chemical stability，and self-cleaning properties. It could maintain superhydrophobicity after 250 wearcycles and 72 h of UV light，respectively，and maintain original cleanliness after 100 pollution cycles. Therefore，the coating could meet the needs of anticorrosive and scale inhibition underharsh conditions such as oil well pipes.