为实现轨道车辆车体表面腻子自动喷涂，搭建了机器人自动喷涂平台，采用正交实验法研究了自动喷涂的最优工艺，考察并确定了腻子施工参数，对比分析了自动喷涂腻子与手工操作的优势。结果表明：适用于轨道车辆的自动喷涂腻子的工艺参数为：腻子黏度 9 512 mPa·s、喷涂压力 42 MPa、喷涂距离 500 mm、移动速度 600 mm/s、扇幅 300 mm、膜厚 2. 00 mm；腻子的施工参数为：腻子加热温度 80 ℃、重涂间隔最大时间 96 h、单次喷涂流挂极限干膜厚度 ≤700 μm、无泡极限膜厚 2. 09 mm、干燥打磨性为自干 4h且 80~180目砂纸易打磨，与手工操作相比，自动化喷涂质量一致性好，有效降低用工成本，提高效率，经济效益显著。

In order to achieve automatic spraying of putty on the surface of rail vehicle bodies，a robot automatic spraying platform was built. The optimal process of automatic spraying was studied using orthogonal experimental method，and the putty construction parameters were investigated and determined. The advantages of automatic spraying putty andmanual operation were compared and analyzed. The results show that the process parameterssuitable for automatic spraying putty on rail vehicles are：putty viscosity 9 512 mPa·s，spraying pressure 420 MPa，spraying distance 500 mm，moving speed 600 mm/s，fan width 300 mm，and film thickness 2. 00 mm. The construction parameters of putty are：heating temperature of putty 80 ℃，maximum time between recoating 96 hours，maximum dry film thickness of single spray flow not exceeding 700 μ m，maximum film thickness without bubbles 2. 09 mm，self drying and polishing properties for 4 h，and easy polishing of 80-120 mesh sandpaper. Compared with manual operation，automatic spraying indicated good quality consistency，effectively reduces labor costs，improving efficiency，and significant economic benefits.