摘要： 结合高分子材料相关的测试标准以及测色仪在高分子材料测试中的应用，阐述并解析了仪器测色中几个易混淆的概念，包括颜色体系和仪器方面的以下 6 个概念: 2°标准观察者和 10°标准观察者、表色体系 Lab 和 L^*a^* b^* 、色调角 h_ab 和色调差△H_ab 、色彩色差计和分光测色计、几何结构以及镜面光泽包含和镜面光泽排除。 掌握好这些概念的区别和联系，将有助于测量颜色时进行测试参数的选择，并加深对颜色测量技术的理解。

关键词: 标准观察者, 表色体系, 色调, 色彩色差计, 分光测色计, 几何结构

Abstract: As viewed from some testing standards for polymer materials and application of colorimeters in polymer materials testing, this paper differentiates and analyses several confusable terminologies related to color measurement The terminologies include 2° and 10° standard observer, color system Lab and  L^*a^* b^*, hue angle h_ab and hue difference △H_ab,colorimeter and spectrometer, geometry structure, specular component included(SCI) and specular component excluded (SCE). A good understanding of the difference and connection of these concepts will be conducive to the selection of the test conditions when measuring color parameters, and to better understanding of color measuring technology.

Key words: color measurement, standard observer, color system, hue, colorimeter, spectrometer, geometry structure