摘要： 【目的】制备在涂料应用中相容性良好的羟基丙烯酸乳胶。【方法】采用预乳化工艺结合原位变速滴加技术，制备了粒径分布均一的羟基丙烯酸乳胶。通过分子结构设计优化，调控聚合物相对分子质量及玻璃化转变温度（ T_g）并引入脂肪酸酯基丙烯酸酯交联单体（ FAE-CA）及反应型乳化剂制备了不同乳胶，着重研究乳胶制漆过程溶胀，性及与溶剂 [丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯（ PMA）]和成膜助剂 [二乙二醇丁醚（ DB）、丙二醇丁醚（PNB）]的相容性。【结果】将乳胶数均相对分子质量（ M_n）调整为 5 000左右， T_g设计为 50 ℃利于成膜，可提高成膜助剂对乳胶的溶胀性；加入交联单体 FAE-CA可提高乳胶对 PMA的相容性，用量为 5%时相容性效果佳；用反应型乳化剂 ReactSurf2490替换阴离子乳化剂可提高乳胶对成膜助剂的相容性。【结论】制备了相容性良好的羟基丙烯酸乳胶，制得的涂层表面平整无缺陷，光泽（ 60°）>95，铅笔硬度达 2H，附着力为 0级，且通过 7d耐水性测试。

关键词: 羟基丙烯酸乳胶, 交联单体, 成膜助剂, 相容性, 反应型乳化剂

Abstract: ［Objective］To develop hydroxyacrylic latex with excellent compatibility for coating applications.［Methods］ Monodisperse hydroxyacrylic latex was successfully synthesized via pre-emulsification process combined with in-situ variable-speed feeding technology. Through molecularstructure optimization，the polymer’s relative molecular weight and glass transition temperature（T_g） were precisely controlled. Fatty acid ester-based acrylate crosslinker（FAE-CA） and reactive surfactants were incorporated to prepare different latex formulations. The latex swelling behavior duringpaint formulation，along with its compatibility with curing solvent［propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate（PMA）］ and film-forming additives［diethylene glycol butyl ether（DB）and propylene glycol butyl ether（PNB）］ were investigated systematically.［Results］ Adjusting the number-average molecular weight to approximately 5 000 and designing T_g at 50 ℃ significantly facilitated film formation，which can improve latex swelling by film-forming additives. The incorporation of FAE-CAcrosslinker enhanced the compatibility of latex with PMA，with the optimal compatibility achieved at 5% usage；while replacing anionic surfactant with reactive surfactant ReactSurf2490 further improvedcompatibility with film-forming additives.［Conclusion］ The developed well-compatiblehydroxyacrylic latex demonstrated outstanding comprehensive performance after paint application： defect-free smooth surfaces with a 60° gloss >95，a pencil hardness of 2H，adhesion rated as grade 0 and successful passage of 7-day water resistance test.

Key words: hydroxylacrylic latex；crosslinking monomer；film-forming additive；compatibility； reactive surfactant 

中图分类号: 

• TQ630. 4