【目的/意义】系统梳理 UV固化生物基水性聚氨酯（UV-BWPU）的研究进展，阐明其关键技术难点及可能的解决方法，为该领域的技术创新与规模化应用提供技术参考。【分析/评论/进展】首先介绍了 UV-BWPU的合成原料、制备工艺与改性策略，其次综述了高性能化和功能化等的研究进展，包括抗菌、自修复、防腐功能等，指出了其在环境友好和可持续发展领域具有显著优势。【结论/展望】UV-BWPU目前已取得阶段性成果，未来仍需聚焦开发规整非粮单体与适配助剂等，协同多重交联、分子模拟及智能化设计，攻克高生物基含量、强韧平衡与主动自修复等高性能化瓶颈。

［Objective/Significance］ In this paper，the research progress of UV-curable bio-based waterborne polyurethane（UV-BWPU）was systematically reviewed，its key technical challenges and potential solutions were elucidated，to provide technical references for technological innovation and large-scale application in this field.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］ Firstly，the raw materials， preparation processes，and modification strategies for UV-BWPU synthesis were introduced. Secondly， the advances in high-performance enhancement and functionalization were reviewed，includingantibacterial，self-healing and anti-corrosion functionalities，highlighting the significant advantages of UV-BWPU in the fields of environmental friendliness and sustainable development.［Conclusion/Prospect］Despite the current milestones achieved in UV-BWPU，future research should prioritize the development of structurally regular non-food monomers and compatible additives， integrating multi-crosslinking strategies，molecular simulation，and intelligent design to overcome bottlenecks in achieving high performance，such as high bio-based content，stiffness-toughness balance，and autonomous self-healing.