【目的】解决传统光纤涂层在高温高湿环境下耐热性不足、界面匹配性差及耐水性不佳的问题，提升涂层在严苛环境下的长期可靠性。【方法】以八乙烯基倍半硅氧烷（ OV-POSS）、丙烯酸十三氟辛酯（ G06c）、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（ GMA）和丙烯酸羟丙酯（ HPA）为原料，通过自由基共聚合成了含 POSS/羟基 /环氧基团的杂化预聚体（ POSS-FG-OH）；再与聚四氢呋喃二醇（ PTMG2000）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（ IPDI）经序列聚合制备长链含氟 POSS-聚氨酯（ F-POSS-PU）；最后通过甲基丙烯酸酯化反应引入光固化双键，获得 UV固化含氟 POSS-聚氨酯（ UV-F-POSS-PU）光纤涂层。采用 FT-IR、GPC、TGA、TMA等对产物结构与性能进行表征，系统研究了 POSS添加量对涂层耐热性、耐水性、力学性能、光固化行为及光纤传输损耗的影响。【结果】当 OV-POSS添加量为 45%时，所制备的涂层有效避免了无机纳米粒子的团聚，显著提升了涂层的热稳定性、尺寸稳定性、耐水性和界面附着力，使光纤在高温高湿环境下的信号传输可靠性大幅提高。【结论】该材料在航空航天、地质勘探等极端环境用特种光纤领域具有重要应用前景。

［Objective］ To address the issues of insufficient heat resistance，poor interfacial compatibility，and inadequate water resistance of conventional optical fiber coatings under high-temperature and high-humidity environments，and to enhance their long-term reliability under harsh conditions，［Methods］a hybrid prepolymer containing POSS/hydroxyl/epoxy groups（POSS-FG-OH） was first synthesized via free radical copolymerization of octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane（OV-POSS）， tridecafluorooctyl acrylate（G06c）， glycidyl methacrylate（GMA）， and hydroxypropyl acrylate（HPA）. Subsequently，long-chain fluorinated POSS-polyurethane（F-POSS-PU） was prepared by sequential polymerization of POSS-FG-OH with polytetrahydrofuran diol（PTMG2000） and isophorone diisocyanate（IPDI）. Finally，photocurable double bonds were introduced throughmethacrylic acid esterification to obtain the UV-curable fluorinated POSS-polyurethane（UV-F-POSS-PU）optical fiber coating. The structure and properties of the products were characterized by FT-IR， GPC，TGA，and TMA，and the effects of POSS content on the thermal stability，water resistance，mechanical properties，photocuring behavior，and optical transmission loss of the coated fibers were systematically investigated.［Results］ The coating with 45%POSS effectively prevents the agglomeration of inorganic nanoparticles and significantly enhances the thermal stability，dimensional stability，water resistance，and interfacial adhesion of the coating，leading to a substantial improvement in the signal transmission reliability of optical fibers in high-temperature and high-humidity environments.［Conclusion］The developed material demonstrates significant application prospects inspecialty optical fibers for extreme environments such as aerospace and geological exploration.