【目的】为了快速评估防腐涂层海洋大气环境适应性。【方法】基于海洋大气钢结构涂层的研究现状，建立了模拟青岛海洋大气环境的多因素耦合加速腐蚀试验方法，开展了 Q235钢/环氧富锌 /丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层模拟自然环境暴露 1a的加速腐蚀试验。通过光泽、色差、附着力、红外光谱、扫描电镜、电化学测试等手段，探讨了涂层在不同老化时间下的形貌、性能变化过程。【结果】经过模拟自然环境暴露 1a的加速试验，复合涂层的失光和变色分别达到了“轻微失光”和“很轻微变色”等级。随着腐蚀时间的延长，涂层发生老化降解，表面出现孔洞及微裂纹，附着力不断下降，但仍保持在 4. 5 MPa以上，破坏性质未发生明显的变化。同时，涂层的低频阻抗值仍保持在 10⁸ Ω·cm²以上，对基体仍具有良好的防护效果。【结论】多因素耦合加速腐蚀试验与户外暴露试验的结论一致。

［Objective］For rapid evaluation of the suitability of anti-corrosion coatings in marine atmospheric environments.［Methods］Based on the current research status of steel structure coating in marine atmosphere，a multi-factor coupled accelerated corrosion test method simulating the marine atmospheric environment of Qingdao was established，and an accelerated corrosion test of Q235 steel/epoxy zinc-rich/acrylic polyurethane coating simulated natural environment exposure forone year was carried out. By means of gloss，color difference，adhesion，FT-IR，SEM，EIS，etc.，the morphology and performance change processes of the coating under different aging times were systematically discussed and compared with the results of outdoor exposure tests.［Results］After one year of accelerated tests simulating natural environment exposure，the loss of gloss and discoloration of the composite coating reached the grades of“slight loss of gloss”and“very slight discoloration” respectively. With the extension of corrosion time，the coating aging degradation，surface holes and microcracks appeared on the surface. The adhesion continuously decreased，but the failure mode did not change significantly and still remained above 4. 5 MPa. Meanwhile，the low-frequency impedance value of the coating still remained above 10⁸ Ω ·cm²，and it still had a good protective effect on the substrate.［Conclusion］The conclusions of the multi-factor coupled accelerated corrosion test wereconsistent with those of the outdoor exposure test.