【目的】获得高固含、低酸值的自消光水性聚氨酯（SMWPU）。【方法】采用两步法合成单峰分布 SMWPU：第一步，选用利于微相分离的异氰酸酯合成低酸值、常规固含的水性聚氨酯（WPU1）；第二步，以 WPU1替代去离子水，再次分散聚氨酯预聚体，制备得到高固含、低酸值的 WPU2。研究中通过调节羧基中和度控制粒径与光泽，并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和激光粒度仪（LPSA）对粒子结构进行表征。【结果】调节羧基中和度可以有效调节水性聚氨酯的粒径和光泽；相较于 WPU1，WPU2具有更大的粒径、更宽的粒径分布；将 WPU2制成双组分自消光涂料，所得涂膜具有优异的透明性、消光性以及综合应用性能。【结论】该结果表明两步法结构设计是合成高固含低酸值 SMWPU的有效方法。

［Objective］ To synthesize a single peak distribution self-matting waterborne polyurethane（SMWPU）with high solid content and low acid value.［Methods］A two-step method was involved：in the first step，low acid value with general solid content WPU1 was synthesized by usingan isocyanate that facilitated microphase separation. In the second step，WPU1 obtained in the first stepwas used to substitute for deionized water to disperse the polyurethane prepolymer and WPU2 with highsolid content and low acid value was fabricated. The particle size and gloss were controlled by adjustingneutralization degree of carboxyl groups. The particle structure of WPU2 was characterized usingscanning electron microscopy（SEM）and laser particle size analyzer（LPSA）.［Results］The particlesize and gloss of waterborne polyurethane could be effectively regulated by adjusting the neutralizationdegree of carboxyl groups. Compared to WPU1，WPU2 has a larger particle size and a wider particle size distribution. When the well-formulated WPU2 was made into a two-component self-matting coating，the resulting coating indicated well extinction performance with good transparency，and excellent application characteristics.［Conclusion］These findings indicate that the two-step structuraldesign is an effective method for synthesizing SMWPU with high solid content and low acid value.