【目的/意义】系统梳理钢结构防腐与防火一体化涂层的研究进展，阐明其多机制协同防护原理，为该领域的技术创新与工程应用提供技术参考。【分析/评论/进展】通过剖析物理屏障、化学钝化与电化学保护等防腐机制，以及物理隔热、吸热反应、膨胀阻燃与陶瓷化转变等防火机制，揭示了材料组成与结构设计在实现功能耦合中的核心作用。系统评述了无机复合型、有机-无机杂化型及纳米改性多功能复合涂层三大主流体系的性能特点与应用前景，指出其在提升钢结构耐久性与安全性方面具有显著优势。【结论/展望】一体化涂层通过多机制协同可实现对钢结构的高效长效防护，未来应重点发展智能响应材料、极端环境适应性体系、绿色低碳工艺及“材料-结构-监测”一体化智能系统，以推动该技术向高性能化、功能化与可持续化方向迈进。

［Objective/Significance］ This paper provides a systematic review of the researchprogress on integrated corrosion resistant and fireproofing materials for steel structures，aiming toelucidate the multi-mechanism synergistic protection principles and provide technical guidance forboth technological innovation and engineering applications.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］ Byanalyzing the anti-corrosion mechanisms，including physical barrier，chemical passivation and electrochemical protection，as well as fireproof mechanisms such as physical insulation，endothermic reactions，intumescent flame retardation and ceramic conversion，the pivotal role of material composition and structural design in achieving functional synergy is clarified. The performance characteristics and application prospects of three mainstream systems（i. e.，inorganic composites， organic-inorganic hybrids，and nano-modified multifunctional composites） are systematically summarized，highlighting their significant potential in enhancing the durability and safety of steel structures.［Conclusion/Prospect］ The study demonstrates that integrated materials can provide efficient and long-term protection for steel structures through multi-mechanism synergy. Future development should focus on intelligent responsive materials，systems adaptable to extreme environments，green and low-carbon manufacturing processes，and integrated“material-structure-monitoring”integrated protection systems，thereby advancing the technology towards high performance and sustainability.