【目的/意义】可剥离涂层是一类兼具“成膜-包覆-整体剥离”功能的临时性防护材料，在化学战剂降解、放射性去污、文物保护及核电设施防护等领域展现出巨大应用潜力。【分析/评论/进展】本文聚焦于可剥离涂层的核心研究内容，系统综述了材料体系、制备工艺、性能优化策略以及多领域工业应用，同时深入探讨了当前面临的关键问题与优化方向。【结论/展望】通过纳米填料增强、多层结构设计及可控交联技术，可剥离涂层在保持易剥离特性的同时，力学强度、阻隔性能和去污效率等性能均获得显著提升。未来需推动可剥离涂层向绿色化、智能化、长寿命化以及工程化方向发展，以突破现有瓶颈，拓展其更广泛应用领域。

［Objective/Significance］ Peelable coating is a category of temporary protective materials that integrates the functions of "film -forming，encapsulating，and integral peeling". It demonstrates significant potential in fields such as the degradation of chemical warfare agents， radioactive decontamination，cultural relic preservation，and protection of nuclear power facilities.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］This article focuses on the core research content of peelable coatings， systematically reviewing their material systems，preparation processes，performance optimization strategies，and industrial applications in multiple fields. At the same time，it deeply explores the keyissues and optimization directions currently being faced.［Conclusion/Prospect］Peelable coating canretain its essential peelability while achieving marked improvements in mechanical strength，barrier properties，and decontamination efficiency through strategies such as nanofiller reinforcement， multilayer structural design，and controllable cross-linking. Future efforts should advance the peelablecoating towards greener formulations，intelligent functionalities，extended service life，and enhanced engineering applicability to overcome existing bottlenecks and broaden their practical prospects.