【目的】使用生物基腰果酚改性间甲酚制备热固性酚醛树脂 CAPF并实现增韧，以期开发一种兼具优异硬度与韧性的高性能防护涂层用树脂。【方法】以腰果酚、间甲酚、甲醛为原料，以氢氧化钠为碱性催化剂，通过加成与缩聚反应合成热固性酚醛树脂 CAPF，并测试了树脂物理性能与涂层性能，探究了腰果酚含量对改性酚醛树脂 CAPF各项性能的影响。【结果】随腰果酚的引入与增加，树脂的黏度与固含量逐渐增大，光泽与贮存稳定性呈现先增大后减小的趋势。涂层在保持甚至提升硬度和附着力的同时，韧性呈现先上升后下降的趋势，并在腰果酚与间甲酚质量比为 3∶7时达到最佳平衡，其硬度为 2H，附着力为 0级，耐冲击性 50 cm通过。【结论】成功制备了腰果酚改性酚醛树脂 CAPF，在保持酚醛涂层固有高硬度、高附着力优势的基础上，提升了其韧性，在高性能防护涂料领域具有较大的应用潜力。

［Objective］ A thermosetting phenolic resin CAPF was prepared using bio-based cardanol-modified m-cresol and toughened，aiming to develop a high-performance protective coatingresin with both excellent hardness and toughness.［Methods］The thermosetting phenolic resin CAPF was synthesized via addition and polycondensation reactions using cardanol，m-cresol，and formaldehyde as raw materials，and sodium hydroxide as alkaline catalyst. The physical properties ofresin and the properties of the coating were tested. The effects of cardanol content on the properties ofmodified phenolic resin CAPF were studied.［Results］With the introduction and increase of cardanol， the viscosity and solid content of the resin gradually increase，and the storage stability shows a trend offirst increasing and then decreasing. While the coating maintains or improves hardness and adhesion， its toughness shows a trend of first rising and then falling，reaching the best balance when the mass ratio of cardanol to m-cresol is 3∶7，with a hardness of 2H，adhesion at level 0，and impact resistance passing at 50 cm.［Conclusion］Cardanol phenol-modified phenolic resin（CAPF）was successfullyprepared，while retaining the inherent high hardness and strong adhesion of phenolic coating，the resin enhances their toughness and has considerable application potential in the field of high-performance protective coatings.