【目的 /意义】海工装备水线区域的海洋生物污损问题突出，亟需探索新型海洋防污技术。基于水线附近特殊的光照条件，光催化杀菌防污技术因高效、广谱杀菌、生态友好等特点，受到广泛关注。【分析 /评论/进展】光催化材料通过产生活性氧，诱发细胞氧化应激并结合物理 /机械以及光热杀菌机制，展现出优异的杀菌防污效果。本文系统综述了海洋生物污损的形成过程和光催化杀菌防污机理，并重点探讨了不同类型光催化杀菌防污材料在海洋防污领域中的应用。【结论 /展望】尽管光催化杀菌防污技术在实际应用之前，仍面临许多挑战，但随着新兴技术的不断引入，光催化杀菌防污技术将为海洋生物污损的治理提供一条高效、绿色、可持续的道路。

［Objective/Significance］ Marine biofouling in the waterline area of marine engineering equipment poses a significant challenge，driving the need for novel antifouling technologies. Leveraging the unique light conditions near the waterline，photocatalytic antibacterialantifouling technology has attracted widespread attention for its high efficiency，broad-spectrum sterilization capability，and environmental friendliness.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］Photocatalyticmaterials exhibit excellent antibacterial and antifouling performance by generating reactive oxygenspecies，inducing cellular oxidative stress，and combining physical/mechanical and photothermal sterilization mechanisms. In this paper，the formation process of marine biofouling and the mechanismsunderlying photocatalytic antibacterial antifouling were systematically reviewed，with a focused discussion on the applications of different types of photocatalytic antibacterial materials in marineantifouling.［Conclusion/Prospect］ Although photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling technologystill faces many challenges before practical application，the continuous development and integration ofemerging technologies are expected to establish it as an efficient，green，and sustainable solution for the controlling marine biofouling.