【目的】研制满足飞机蒙皮铝合金基材防护需求的环保型防护底漆。【方法】用自制聚氨酯改性环氧树脂作为主要成膜物质，采用无铬颜填料和环保溶剂，开发出一种高性能环保防护底漆，系统评估了树脂、固化剂和防锈颜料对漆膜性能的影响，并探讨了该防护底漆与常用密封剂的相容性。【结果】制备的防护底漆展现出优异的耐冲击性、耐介质性、低温固化以及三防性能。在颜基比为 1. 1时，选用磷钼酸锌、高纯钼酸锌、有机缓蚀剂作为无毒防锈颜料，通过三者的协同效应，可以提升漆膜的耐腐蚀性。同时，该底漆与密封剂 PR1776 MB-2相容性好，配套使用时的剥离强度接近本身内聚强度最大值，底涂 MC-115对密封剂与漆膜的剥离强度影响不大；当与密封剂 PR2007 B-2配套使用时，采用底涂 MC-115可提高剥离强度。【结论】制备的防护底漆可以满足飞机蒙皮铝合金基材的防护需求，具有广阔的应用前景。

［Objective］ To meet the protection requirements for aluminum alloy substrates on aircraft skin，this study designed an environmentally friendly protective primer.［Methods］ The protective primer was developed using self-made polyurethane modified epoxy resin as the main film-forming substance and using chromium-free pigment filler and environmentally friendly solvent. Theeffects of resins，hardeners，and anti-rust pigments on the properties of paint films were systematicallyevaluated，and the compatibility of the protective primer with common sealants was discussed.［Results］The prepared protective primer exhibited excellent impact resistance，media resistance，low-temperature curing，and environmental resistance（including humidity，salt spray，and fungus resistance）. When the pigment-to-binder ratio was 1. 1，zinc phosphomolybdate，high-purity zinc molybdate andorganic corrosion inhibitor were selected as non-toxic anti-rust pigments. Through the synergistic effectof the three additives，the corrosion resistance of the paint film could be improved. At the same time，the primer has good compatibility with sealant PR1776 MB-2，and its peel strength was close to themaximum cohesive strength. MC-115 had little effect on the peel strength of the sealant and the paintfilm. When MC-115 was used in conjunction with the sealant PR2007 B-2，MC-115 could improve the peel strength.［Conclusion］In this paper，the prepared protective primer could meet the protectionrequirements of aluminum alloy substrates for aircraft skin，and had broad application prospects.