【目的 /意义】膨胀型防火涂料通过膨胀发泡作用减缓钢结构在火场的升温速率，为人员撤离、消防扑火争取时间，从而降低火灾造成的损失，在石油天然气领域发挥着至关重要的作用。【分析 /评论 /进展】介绍了石油天然气领域对防火涂料的需求、相关的标准体系；对常见防火涂料类型进行了比较；指出无溶剂环氧膨胀型防火涂料由于其优异的综合性能成为行业首选；深入分析了无溶剂环氧膨胀型防火涂料在树脂体系改性、膨胀发泡阻燃体系优化以及功能性颜填料的应用等方面的最新研究进展。【结论 /展望】无溶剂环氧膨胀型防火涂料在海上石油平台、陆地石化设施广泛应用。未来防火涂料发展将向绿色环保化、长效性、极端环境适应性、高效性方向发展。

［Objective/Significance］Intumescent fireproof coatings play a vital role in the oil andgas industry by slowing down the heating rate of steel structures in fire scenarios through intumescentfoaming，thereby gaining time for personnel evacuation and fire-fighting，reducing fire-induced losses.［Analysis/Discussion/Progress］This paper introduced the requirements for fireproof coatings in theoil and gas field and the relevant standard systems，compared common types of fireproof coatings，and noted that solvent-free epoxy fireproof coatings have become the industry preference due to theirexcellent comprehensive properties. Furthermore，it provided an in-depth analysis of the latest research progress in solvent-free epoxy fireproof coatings，covering modification to resin systems，optimization of intumescent foaming flame-retardant systems，and the application of functional pigments and fillers.［Conclusion/Prospect］Solvent-free epoxy fireproof coatings are widely used in offshore oil platformsand onshore petrochemical facilities. Future development of fireproof coatings is expected to focus ongreen and environmental-friendly properties， long-term durability， adaptability to extreme environments，and high efficiency.