碳钢防腐是当前社会广泛关注的问题。有机缓蚀剂作为一种高效、便捷和低成本的防腐技术广泛应用于涂层中。氮杂环类缓蚀剂因结构可设计性强，缓蚀性能佳的优点成为近年来有机缓蚀剂领域研究的重点。文中主要分析了氮杂环类缓蚀剂的改性方法以及含咪唑啉环、三唑环、吡啶环和嘧啶环结构缓蚀剂的研究进展，阐述了结构改性对缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响规律以及缓蚀剂在涂层中的应用，最后展望了缓蚀剂涂层的发展趋势。

The corrosion protection of carbon steel is an issue of widespread concern in contemporary society. Organic corrosion inhibitors were widely applied in coatings an efficient，convenient，and cost-effective anti-corrosion technology. Nitrogen heterocyclic structures have become the focus of research in the field of organic corrosion inhibitors in recent years because of their strong designability and good corrosion inhibition performance. In this paper，the modification of nitrogen heterocyclic inhibitors and the research progress of inhibitors containing imidazoline，triazole，pyridine and pyrimidine ring structures were reviewed. The effects of structural modification on the corrosion inhibition performance of these inhibitors and the application of inhibitors in coatings were also elaborated. Finally，the development trend of corrosion inhibitor coating was looked forward.