防污涂料被认为是解决海洋生物污损最有效的方法，其中含防污剂的无锡自抛光防污涂料是目前的主流产品。防污剂的选择对于防污涂料的开发至关重要，一方面与防污性能息息相关，另一方面也受到诸多法律法规的限制。文中介绍了市场上主流防污剂的理化性质、防污机制和应用情况，以氧化亚铜为主防污剂，复配有机防污剂是目前广谱防污涂料的最佳选择。同时介绍了天然防污剂的研究进展，天然防污剂研究已有不少成果，但是仍存在毒性低、广谱性差、批量生产难等诸多问题，是未来的重点研究方向。

Antifouling coatings were considered to be the most effective solution to marinebiofouling at present，among which tin-free self-polishing antifouling coatings containingantifouling agents were the most mainstream commodities. The choice of antifouling agent wascrucial to the development of antifouling coatings，which was closely related to the antifouling performance on the one hand，and restricted by many laws and regulations on the other. In this paper，the basic physicochemical properties，antifouling mechanism and application of several mainstream anti-fouling agents in the current market were introduced. Copper oxide as themain anti-fouling agent，compounded with some organic antifouling agents was the best choicefor spectral antifouling coatings. At the same time，the research progress of natural antifoulingagent was also reviewed. There were many research achievements in the field of naturalantifouling agents. Although there were many problems of natural antifouling agent，such as low toxicity，poor broad spectrum，and difficulty in mass production，it was still considered as the key research direction in the future.