Covid-19的大流行再次引起了人们对传染病防治的重视，抗菌抗病毒涂料施用方便，在切断病原体传播途径中具有重要价值，因此开发高效持久抗菌抗病毒涂料已成为研究热点。文中介绍了 4类涂料用抗菌剂：无机抗菌剂、合成有机抗菌剂、天然抗菌剂和新型抗菌纳米材料。传统添加型抗菌涂料的抗菌效果主要取决于分布在涂层表面的抗菌剂与细菌的接触效率以及释放浓度，使用寿命受抗菌剂的释放速度、降解与涂层表面沾污等因素的影响；不同添加型抗菌剂之间的复配、复合或抗菌剂的包覆，或者杀菌 -自清洁结合是实现抗菌涂料高效持久的有效策略。共价结合型抗菌涂料更多依赖细菌与其表面的直接接触来发挥杀菌效果，解决涂料表面的细菌附着问题对其实际应用至关重要。最后简要介绍了抗病毒涂料原理与研发现状，未来抗菌抗病毒涂料应多关注耐药性、耐久性及相关基础研究，加强 DIY型产品开发。

The Covid-19 pandemic raised people's awareness of infectious disease prevention. Antibacterial and antiviral coatings are extremely important in cutting off the transmission routes of pathogens because of its convenience of application，thus，the development of efficient and durable antibacterial and antiviral coatings has become a research hotspot. This review first introduces four types of antibacterial agents used in coatings，including inorganic antibacterial agent，synthetic organic antibacterial agent，natural antibacterial agent，and antibacterial nanomaterials. The antibacterial efficiency of the coatings based on addition of antibacterial agent depends on the contact between bacteria and the antibacterial agent at the surface of coatings as well as on the concentration of antibacterial agent released，while their antibacterial durability is impacted by the release velocity and degradation of antibacterial agents，contamination of coating surface，and etc. Combination of different kinds of bactericides via mixing，integrating，and encapsulating methods，or combination of bactericidal and self-cleaning surface，has been proven to effectively improvethe performance of coatings and prolong their service life. The antibacterial performance of thecoatings based on covalently bonding of antibacterial agent is realized mainly by direct contactof bacteria with coating surface. Meanwhile，it is extremely crucial to avoid the adhesion ofbacteria on the surface of this kind of coating in practical application. In addition，the principles and research status of antiviral coatings are simply described. Future developmentof antibacterial/antiviral coatings should be focused more on their drug resistance，antibacterial durability，and corresponding fundamental researches. Exploitation of DIY antibacterial coatings should also be paid attention.